Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-vdxz6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T22:01:13.953Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Promoting health economic evaluation studies in the AYUSH system of medicine: the need of the hour

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 August 2021

Sendhilkumar Muthappan
Affiliation:
ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), R 127, TNHB, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu600077, India
Bhavani Shankara Bagepally
Affiliation:
ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), R 127, TNHB, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu600077, India
Manickam Ponnaiah*
Affiliation:
ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology (ICMR-NIE), R 127, TNHB, Ayapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu600077, India
*
Author for correspondence: Manickam Ponnaiah, E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

The double burden of communicable and noncommunicable diseases is a major threat to the Indian public health system. AYUSH, an acronym for Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa, and Homeopathy, represents the Indian system of medicine recognized by the Government of India. Mainstreaming of AYUSH is one of the key strategies of the Indian government for tackling increasing disease burden through initiatives such as AYUSH wellness centers, telemedicine, and quality control measures for medications in the AYUSH system of medicine. Such investment of resources in health systems may require economic evaluations. However, such evaluations are lacking in the AYUSH system, except for a few in homeopathy and yoga. In the absence of evidence from economic evaluations, researchers and decision makers are guided mostly by clinical efficacy while formulating healthcare strategies. In view of the increasing use of AYUSH across the country, economic evaluations of the AYUSH system are the need of the hour to aid healthcare decision making.

Type
Perspective
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). Findings from the global burden of disease study 2017. Seattle, WA: IHME; 2018.Google Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO). Non communicable diseases. 2019 [cited 2019 Sep 11]. Available from: https://www.who.int/nmh/countries/ind_en.pdf.Google Scholar
Bloom, DE, Cafiero-Fonseca, ET, Candeias, V, Adashi, E, Bloom, L, Gurfein, L, et al. Economics of non-communicable diseases in India: The costs and returns on investment of interventions to promote healthy living and prevent, treat and manage NCDs. World Economic Forum, Harvard School of Public Health; 2014.Google Scholar
Kumar, K, Singh, A, Kumar, S, Ram, F, Singh, A, Ram, U, et al. Socio-economic differentials in impoverishment effects of out-of-pocket health expenditure in China and India: Evidence from WHO SAGE. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0135051.10.1371/journal.pone.0135051CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bodeker, C, Bodeker, G, Ong, CK, Grundy, CK, Burford, G, Shein, K. WHO global atlas of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2005.Google Scholar
Maxion-Bergemann, S, Wolf, M, Bornhöft, G, Matthiessen, PF, Wolf, U. Complementary and alternative medicine costs—A systematic literature review. Complement Med Res. 2006;13:42–5.10.1159/000093313CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chandra, S. Status of Indian medicine and folk healing: With a focus on integration of AYUSH medical systems in healthcare delivery. Ayu. 2012;33:461.10.4103/0974-8520.110504CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Government of India. Ministry of AYUSH [cited 2021 Apr 22]. Available from: https://main.ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/National%20AYUSH%20Mission%20.pdf.Google Scholar
Government of India. National Health Mission (NHM) [cited 2019 Sep 24]. Available from: https://nhm.gov.in/WriteReadData/l892s/nrhm-framework-latest.pdf.Google Scholar
Herman, PM. Evaluating the economics of complementary and integrative medicine. Glob Adv Health Med. 2013;2:5663.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Telles, S, Pathak, S, Singh, N, Balkrishna, A. Research on traditional medicine: What has been done, the difficulties, and possible solutions. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014;2014:495635.10.1155/2014/495635CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Herman, PM, Craig, BM, Caspi, O. Is complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) cost-effective? A systematic review. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2005;2:11.10.1186/1472-6882-5-11CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudra, S, Kalra, A, Kumar, A, Joe, W. Utilization of alternative systems of medicine as health care services in India: Evidence on AYUSH care from NSS 2014. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0176916.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sridharan, K, Mohan, R, Ramaratnam, S, Panneerselvam, D. Ayurvedic treatments for diabetes mellitus. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;12:CD008288.Google Scholar
Mamtani, R, Mamtani, R. Ayurveda and yoga in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiol Rev. 2005;13:155–62.10.1097/01.crd.0000128730.31658.36CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mithra, MP. Ayurvedic approach to treat Hridroga (valvular heart disease): A case report. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2019;11:7881.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Viksveen, P, Dymitr, Z, Simoens, S. Economic evaluations of homeopathy: A review. Eur J Health Econ. 2014;15:157–74.10.1007/s10198-013-0462-7CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chuang, LH, Soares, MO, Tilbrook, H, Cox, H, Hewitt, CE, Aplin, J, et al. A pragmatic multicentered randomized controlled trial of yoga for chronic low back pain: Economic evaluation. Spine. 2012;37:1593–601.10.1097/BRS.0b013e3182545937CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hartfiel, N, Clarke, G, Havenhand, J, Phillips, C, Edwards, RT. Cost-effectiveness of yoga for managing musculoskeletal conditions in the workplace. Occup Med (Lond). 2017;67:687–95.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lin, LW, Ananthakrishnan, A, Teerawattananon, Y. Evaluating traditional and complementary medicines: Where do we go from here? Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2021;37:e45.10.1017/S0266462321000179CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Government of India. Department of Health Research. Health Technology Assessment in India (HTAIn) [cited 2021 Apr 20]. Available from: https://htain.icmr.org.in/about-us/background.Google Scholar
Government of India. Ministry of AYUSH [cited 2021 Apr 20]. Available from: https://main.ayush.gov.in/sites/default/files/National%20AYUSH%20Mission%20.pdf.Google Scholar
Shankar, D, Patwardhan, B. AYUSH for New India: Vision and strategy. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2017;8:137–9.10.1016/j.jaim.2017.09.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed