Published online by Cambridge University Press: 29 January 2009
During the last decade or so, educational institutions of developing countries have attracted the attention of social scientists as the prime movers of structural changes in such societies. Some of those who are concerned with economic development and growth have argued that a major barrier to economic development is not so much the scarcity of natural resources and capital, but rather the lack of trained manpower resulting from insufficient or mismanaged investment in training the ‘necessary manpower’.
page 77 note 1 For a review of literature see Ozelli, Tunc, ‘Costs and Benefits of Educational Investments in the First Turkish Republic’ (Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, New York, 1968).Google Scholar
page 77 note 2 Harbison, F. and Myers, C. A., Education, Manpower and Economic Growth (New York, McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1964).Google Scholar
page 77 note 3 For summary of traditional explanation of economic growth see Higgins, Bengamin, Economic Development (New York: W. W. Norton and Company Inc., 1959), pp. 85–213.Google Scholar
page 78 note 1 Vekâleti, Milli Eğitim (The Ministry of National Education), Milli Eğitim ile Ilgiil Kanunlar (Legal Acts Concerning National Education) (Ankara: Milli Eğitim Basimevi, 1953).Google Scholar
page 78 note 2 Tunc Ozelli, op. cit. chapter IV.Google Scholar
page 78 note 3 Ozelli, Tunc, op. cit. pp. 287–9.Google Scholar
page 78 note 4 Maurois, André, The Edwardian Era (New York: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1933), p. 286.Google Scholar
page 78 note 5 For the main currents of political thought see Robinson, R. D., The First Turkish Republic: A Case Study in National Development (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1965), p. 16.Google Scholar
page 79 note 1 Berkes, N. (ed.), Turkish Nationalism and Western Civilization: Selected Essays of Ziya Gökalp (New York: Columbia University Press, 1959) p. 137.Google Scholar
page 79 note 2 Kinross, Lord, Ataturk: A Biography of Mustafa Kemal, Father of Modern Turkey (New York: William Morrow and Company, 1965), pp. 501–5, 526–36.Google Scholar
page 79 note 3 Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, Ataturkün Söylev ye Demecleri (Speeches of Ataturk) (Ankara: Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, 1959).Google Scholar
page 79 note 4 Ergin, Osman, Türkiye Maarif Tarihi (History of Turkish Education) (Istanbul: Osmanbey Matbaasi, 1939).Google Scholar
page 79 note 5 Kansu, N. A., Türkiye Maarif Tarihi (History of Turkish Education) (Istanbul: Muallim Ahmet Halit Kitaphanesi, 1932).Google Scholar
page 79 note 6 Karpat, K. H., Turkey's Politics: The Transition to a Multi-Party System (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959), pp. 3–133.Google Scholar
page 80 note 1 Kazamias, A. M., Education and Quest for Modernity in Turkey, (Chicago: The University Chicago Press, 1967), p. III.Google Scholar
page 81 note 1 Kansu, A. N., Kazamias, A. M., Education and Quest for Modernity in Turkey, (Chicago: The University Chicago Press, 1967), p. III.Google Scholaribid. vol. II, pp. 62–7.
page 82 note 1 Berkes, N. (ed.), op. cit. p. 240.Google ScholarIbid. p. 243.
page 83 note 1 Vekâleti, Milli Eğitim, op. cit. pp. 935–6.Google Scholar
page 84 note 1 Vekâleti, Milli Eğitim, op. cit.Google ScholarIbid. pp. 3–51.
page 85 note 2 Hanson, A. H., Public Enterprise and Economic Development (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd., 1959), p.118.Google Scholar
page 86 note 1 For the definition of underdeveloped see Clark, C., The Conditions of Economic Program (London: McMillan and Company Ltd., 1960), pp. 18–74.Google Scholar
page 86 note 2 Hershlag, Z. Y., Turkey: An Economy in Transition (The Hague: Vitgeverij Van Keulen N.V., 1959), p. 91.Google Scholar
page 86 note 3 Maynard, R. E., ‘The Lise and Its Curriculum in the Turkish Education System’, unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Education, University of Chicago, 1961, p. 120.Google Scholar
page 88 note 1 Robinson, R. D., op. cit. p. 124.Google Scholar
page 89 note 1 Ibid. p. 143.
page 89 note 3 Wilson, C. H., A Settlement Plan for Turkey (Ankara: Economic Cooperation Administration, 1951).Google Scholar
page 89 note 4 Stirling, Paul, Turkish Village, (London: Weidenfeld, 1965).Google Scholar
page 90 note 1 Esenis, A., personal correspondence.Google Scholar
page 91 note 1 Frey, Frederick W., ‘Turkey’, in Ward, and Rustow, (eds.), Political Modernization in Japan and Turkey (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1964), p. 222.Google Scholar