Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dk4vv Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T18:56:12.278Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Plastic and metal additive manufacturing technologies for microwave passive components up to Ka band

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 April 2018

Johann Sence
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
William Feuray
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
Aurélien Périgaud
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
Olivier Tantot
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
Nicolas Delhote*
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
Stéphane Bila
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
Serge Verdeyme
Affiliation:
XLIM UMR 7252, University of Limoges/CNRS, 123 Avenue Albert Thomas, Limoges 87060, France
Jean-Baptiste Pejoine
Affiliation:
I3D Concept, Z.A. de l'Escudier, Donzenac 19270, France
René-Philippe Gramond
Affiliation:
Plateforme technologique Ramsei's, 6 Rue Paul Derignac, Limoges 87031, France
*
Author for correspondence: Nicolas Delhote, E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

This paper illustrates the different possibilities given by additive manufacturing technologies for the creation of passive microwave hardware. The paper more specifically highlights a prototyping scheme where the 3D-printed plastic parts can be used as initial proofs of concept before considering more advanced 3D-printed parts (metal parts, for instance). First, a characterization campaign has been made on common plastics used by a 3D printer using the fused deposition modeling and material jetting (Polyjet©) technologies. The impact of the manufacturing strategy (high-speed or high-accuracy) on the part roughness, as well as on the dielectric material permittivity and loss tangent, has been specifically studied at 10 and 16 GHz. Based on a specifically optimized and deeply explained characterization method, the conductivity of a coating based on silver paint has also been characterized on such plastic parts at 10 and 40 GHz. These plastic materials and coating have been used for the creation of quasi-elliptic and tuning-free bandpass filters centered at 6 and 12 GHz and compared with a similar filter made of stainless steel by selective laser melting. Finally, a compact rectangular TE10 to circular TE01 mode converter also undergoes one prototyping step out of plastic before moving to an advanced part made out of stainless steel. This mode converter, which is made in a single part, is designed to operate from 28 to 36 GHz as a tuning-free final demonstrator.

Type
Research Papers
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2018 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Vaezi, M, Seitz, H and Yang, S (2013) A review on 3d micro-additive manufacturing technologies. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 67(5–8), 17211754.Google Scholar
2.Liu, B, Gong, X and Chappell, WJ (2004) Applications of layer by-layer polymer stereolithography for three-dimensional high frequency components. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 52(II), 25672575.Google Scholar
3.Garcia Lopez, A, Lopez, EC, Chandra, R and Johansson, A (2013) Optimization and fabrication by 3D printing of a volcano smoke antenna for UWB applications, in 2013 7th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (Eu-CAP), pp. 14711473.Google Scholar
4.Booth, P and Vallés Lluch, E (2015) Performance enhancement for waveguide filters using additive manufacturing, in CNES/ESA International Workshop on Microwave Filters, vol. 6.Google Scholar
5.Bisognin, A, Titz, D, Ferrero, F, Pilard, R, Fernandes, C, Costa, J, Corre, C, Calascibetta, P, Rivière, J, Poulain, A, Badard, C, Gianesello, F, Luxey, P, Busson, C, Gloria, D and Belot, D. 3D printed plastic 60 GHz lens: Enabling innovative millimeter wave antenna solution and system, in 2014 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS), pp. 14.Google Scholar
6.Bisognin, A, Titz, D, Luxey, C, Jacquemod, G, Ferrero, F, Lugara, D, Bisognin, A, Pilard, R, Gianesello, F, Gloria, D, Costa, J, Laporte, C, Ezzeddine, H, Lima, E and Fernandes, C (2014) A 120 GHz 3D-printed plastic elliptical lens antenna with an IPDPatch antenna source, in 2014 IEEE International Conference on Ultra-WideBand (ICUWB), pp. 171174.Google Scholar
7.Jolly, N, Tantot, O, Delhote, N and Verdeyme, S (2014) Wide range continuously high electrical performance tunable E-plane filter by mechanical translation, in 2014 44th European Microwave Conference (EuMC), pp. 351354.Google Scholar
8.Cai, F, Khan, WT and Papapolymeou, J (2015) A low loss X-band filter using 3-D Polyjet technology, in 2015 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest.Google Scholar
9.Guo, C, Shang, X, Li, J, Zhang, F, Lancaster, MJ and Xu, J (2016) A lightweight 3-D printed X-band bandpass filter based on spherical dual-mode resonators. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 26(8), 568570.Google Scholar
10.Arbaoui, Y, Laur, V, Maalouf, A, Quéffélec, P, Passerieux, D, Delias, A and Blondy, P. (2016) Full 3-D printed microwave termination: a simple and low-cost solution. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 64(1), 271278.Google Scholar
11.Guo, C, Shang, X, Lancaster, MJ and Xu, J (2015) A 3-D printed lightweight X-band waveguide filter based on spherical resonators. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 25(7), 442444.Google Scholar
12.Gbele, K, Liang, M, Ng, W, Gehm, M and Xin, H (2014) Millimeter wave Luneburg lens antenna fabricated by polymer jetting rapid prototyping, in Proceedings of the 39th International Conference Infrared, Millimeter Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), Tucson, TX, pp. 1.Google Scholar
13.von Bieren, A, de Rijk, E, Ansermet, J.–Ph and Macor, A (2014) Monolithic metal-coated plastic components for mm-Wave applications, in Proceedings of the 39th International Conference Infrared, Millimeter Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz), Tucson, TX, pp. 12.Google Scholar
14.Shang, X, Penchev, P, Guo, C, Lancaster, MJ, Dimov, S, Dong, Y, Favre, M, Billod, M and de Rijk, E. (2016) W-band waveguide filters fabricated by laser micromachining and 3-D printing. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 64(8), 25722580.Google Scholar
15.Zhang, B and Zirath, H (2015) 3D printed iris bandpass filters for millimetre-wave applications. Electronics Letters 51(22), 17911793.Google Scholar
16.Zhang, B, Zhan, Z, Cao, Y, Gulan, H, Linnér, P, Sun, J, Zwick, T and Zirath, H. (2016) Metallic 3-D printed antennas for millimeter- and submillimeter wave applications. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology 6(4), 592600.Google Scholar
17.Zhang, B and Zirath, H (2016) Metallic 3-D printed rectangular waveguides for millimeter-wave applications, IEEE transactions on components. Packaging and Manufactoring Technology 6(5), 796804.Google Scholar
18.D'Auria, M, Otter, WJ, Hazell, J, Gillatt, BTW, Long-Collins, C, Ridler, MN and Lucyszyn, S (2015) 3-D printed metal-pipe rectangular waveguides. IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology 5(9), 13391349.Google Scholar
19.Caekenberghe, K, Bleys, P, Craeghs, T, Pelk, M and Bael, S (2012) A w-band waveguide fabricated using selective laser melting. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 54(11), 25722575.Google Scholar
20.Zhang, B and Zirath, H (2016) A 3D printed metallic radio front end for E-band applications. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 26(5), 331333.Google Scholar
21.Sence, J, Feuray, W, Périgaud, A, Tantot, O, Delhote, N, Bila, S, Verdeyme, S, Pejoine, JB and Gramond, RP. (2016) Plastic and metal additive manufacturing technologies for hyperfrequency passives components up to Ka band, in European Microwave Conference (EuMC 2016), London.Google Scholar
22.Riddle, B, Baker-Jarvis, J and Krupka, J (2003) Complex permittivity measurements of common plastics over variable temperatures. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 51(3), 727733.Google Scholar
23.Rammal, J, Tantot, O, Passerieux, D, Delhote, N and Verdeyme, S (2014) Monitoring of electromagnetic characteristics of split cylinder resonator and dielectric material for temperature caraterization, in 2014, 44th European Microwave Conference (EuMC), pp. 120123.Google Scholar
24.Lohinetong, D, Minard, P, Nicolas, C, Le Bras, J, Louzir, A, Thevenard, J, Coupez, J and Person, C. (2005) Surface mounted millimeter waveguide devices based on metallized dielectric foam or plastic materials, in 2005 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, pp. 14091412.Google Scholar
25.Guo, X, Jackson, DR and Chenugosité, J (2013) An analysis of copper surface roughness effects on signal propagation in PCB traces, in Wireless and Microwave Circuits and Systems, Texas.Google Scholar
26.Tsang, L, Gu, X and Braunisch, H (2006) Effects of random rough surface on absorption by cinductors at microwave frequencies. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters 16(4), 221223.Google Scholar
27.Boudouris, G (1971) Cavités électromagnétiques. Paris: Dunod.Google Scholar
28.Kajfez, D (2011) Q Factor Measurements using Matlab. Boston: Artech House Microwave Library.Google Scholar
29.Bartley, PG and Begley, SB (2006) Quality Factor Determination of Resonant Structures IMTC 2006, in Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference Sorrento, Italy, pp. 2427.Google Scholar
30.Schulz, C, Rolfes, I and Will, B (2014) A broadband circular TE11- to TE01-mode converter using stepped waveguide technique, in European Microwave Conference (EuMC), Rome, pp 311314.Google Scholar
31.Lanciani, DA (1953) H01 mode circular waveguide components, in Conference on Millimeter Wave Research and Applications, Washington, D.C.Google Scholar
32.Marie, GRP (1958) Mode transforming waveguide transition, U.S. Patent 2 859 412.Google Scholar
33.Smith, PH and Mongold, GH (1964) High power Rotary Waveguide Joint. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 12(1), 5558.Google Scholar