Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-27T16:16:52.107Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Optimization of inscribed hexagonal fractal slotted microstrip antenna using modified lightning attachment procedure optimization

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2020

Rohit Anand Open the ORCID record for Rohit Anand [Opens in a new window]  and
Paras Chawla
Rohit Anand*
Affiliation:
IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, India
Paras Chawla
Affiliation:
Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, India
*
Author for correspondence: Rohit Anand, E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

An inscribed hexagonal fractal slotted patch antenna with some additional geometry and slots is proposed for the optimization in this paper. This research work is concerned with the optimization of this slotted fractal antenna with the help of the curve-fitting method in conjunction with the modified version of Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization (MLAPO) technique. The data required for the curve-fitting technique and for the optimization technique have been obtained by varying some of the parameters of the proposed antenna. Different equations are developed to know the relations between these parameters of the proposed antenna. The MLAPO technique is applied thereafter to calculate the different optimized geometrical parameters to optimize the bandwidth for the proposed antenna. The optimized geometrical parameters are verified with the help of a parametric variation to justify the reliable optimization. The bandwidth obtained by the MLAPO technique has been found to be better than that obtained by PSO and normal LAPO algorithm. The prototype of the optimized antenna is fabricated and the experimental results are found to be compatible with the results obtained by simulation. The proposed optimized antenna may be utilized in various applications in C and X bands.

Keywords

Fractal AntennaHexagonal AntennaReflection CoefficientBandwidthOptimizationLightning Attachment Procedure Optimization (LAPO)Modified LAPO (MLAPO)
Type
Antenna Design, Modeling and Measurements
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 12 , Special Issue 6: EuCAP 2019 Special Issue , July 2020 , pp. 519 - 530
Check for updates
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Jin, Y, Olhofer, M and Sendhoff, B (2002) A framework for evolutionary optimization with approximate fitness functions. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 6, 481–494.Google Scholar
Wang, X, Gao, XZ and Zenger, K (2015) An Introduction to Harmony Search Optimization Method. New York: Springer International Publishing.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ram, G, Mandal, D, Kar, R and Ghoshal, SP (2014) Optimized hyper beamforming of receiving linear antenna arrays using Firefly algorithm. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 6, 181–194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pal, SK, Rai, CS and Singh, AP (2012) Comparative study of firefly algorithm and particle swarm optimization for noisy non-linear optimization problems. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications 4, 50–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barbosa, HJC (2013) Ant Colony Optimization. Norderstedt, Germany: InTech Publisher.10.5772/3423CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, XS (2013) Metaheuristic optimization: nature-inspired algorithms and applications. In Yang, XS (ed.), Artificial Intelligence, Evolutionary Computing and Metaheuristics. Berlin: Springer, pp. 405–420.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nguyen, TD, Duroc, Y and Vuong, TP (2011) Genetic algorithm for optimization of L-shaped PIFA antennas. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 3, 691–699.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, KA, Ashwath, R, Kumar, DS and Malmathanraj, R (2010) Optimization of multislotted rectangular microstrip patch antenna using ANN and bacterial foraging optimization. Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Beijing.10.1109/APEMC.2010.5475810CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Werner, DH and Ganguly, S (2003) An overview of fractal antenna engineering research. IEEE Antennas and propagation Magazine 45, 38–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chawla, P and Khanna, R (2013) Multiband fractal based reconfigurable antenna with introduction of RF MEMS switches for next generation devices. International Journal of Physical Sciences 8, 1628–1638.Google Scholar
Rao, N, Malik, A, Kumar, R, Goel, S and Kumar, D (2017) Novel star-shaped fractal antenna for multiband applications. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, 419–425.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mark, R, Mishra, N, Mandal, K, Sarkar, PP and Das, S (2018) Hexagonal ring fractal antenna with dumb bell shaped defected ground structure for multiband wireless applications. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications 94, 42–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kumar, A and Singh, AP (2019) Design of micro-machined modified Sierpinski gasket fractal antenna for satellite communications. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering 29, 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Choukiker, YK and Mudiganti, JC (2017) Compact hybrid fractal antenna for wideband wireless applications. International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, 1191–1196.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thakare, YB (2010) Design of fractal patch antenna for size and radar cross-section reduction. IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation 4, 175–181.10.1049/iet-map.2008.0325CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singhal, S, Goel, T and Kumar Singh, A (2015) Inner tapered tree-shaped fractal antenna for UWB applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 57, 559–567.10.1002/mop.28900CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reha, A, El Amri, A, Benhmammouch, O and Said, AO (2010) The behavior of CPW-fed slotted cantor set fractal antenna. International Symposium on Ubiquitous Networking, Singapore. pp. 171–182.Google Scholar
Kaur, G, Rattan, M and Jain, C (2017) Optimization of swastika slotted fractal antenna using genetic algorithm and bat algorithm for S-band utilities. Wireless Personal Communications 97, 95–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Azari, A (2011) A new super wideband fractal microstrip antenna. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 59, 1724–1727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dhakad, SK, Kumar, N, Yadav, AK, Verma, S, Ramakrishnan, K and Singh, J (2016) A novel single band microstrip antenna with hexagonal fractal for surveillance radar application. Fifth International Conference on Soft Computing for Problem Solving, Singapore. pp. 911–918.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhu, J, Bandler, JW, Nikolova, NK and Koziel, S (2007) Antenna optimization through space mapping. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation 55, 651–658.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, J, Yang, Y, Li, N and Xie, K (2009) Optimization of broadband patch antenna based on mind evolutionary algorithm. International Conference on Networks Security, Wireless Communications and Trusted Computing, Wuhan (China). pp. 361–364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dadgarpour, A, Dadashzadeh, G, Naser-Moghadasi, M and Jolani, F (2009) Design and optimization of compact balanced antipodal staircase bow-tie antenna. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 8, 1135–1138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Islam, MT, Misran, N, Take, TC and Moniruzzaman, M (2009) Optimization of microstrip patch antenna using particle swarm optimization with curve fitting. International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Malaysia. pp. 711–714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ya-Min, Z and Jia-Dong, X (2010) Application of particle swarm optimization for the design of a broadband microstrip antenna. International Conference on Computer Application and System Modeling, China.Google Scholar
Ya-li, Y, Guang, F, Shu-xi, G, Xi, C and Dong-chao, L (2010) Design of a wide-band Yagi-Uda antenna using differential evolution algorithm. International Symposium on Signals, Systems and Electronics, China. pp. 1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sánchez-Montero, R, López-Espí, P, Manjarres, D, Landa-Torres, I, Salcedo-Sanz, S and Del Ser, J (2013) Efficient design of a double-band coplanar hybrid antenna using multi-objective evolutionary programming. International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields 26, 620–629.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bayraktar, Z, Komurcu, M, Jiang, ZH, Werner, DH and Werner, PL (2011) Stub-loaded inverted-F antenna synthesis via wind driven optimization. IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, USA. pp. 2920–2923.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monavar, FM, Komjani, N and Mousavi, P (2011) Application of invasive weed optimization to design a broadband patch antenna with symmetric radiation pattern. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 10, 1369–1372.10.1109/LAWP.2011.2177801CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Al-Azza, AA, Al-Jodah, AA and Harackiewicz, FJ (2015) Spider monkey optimization: a novel technique for antenna optimization. IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters 15, 1016–1019.10.1109/LAWP.2015.2490103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, A and Singh, S (2016) Design and optimization of a modified Sierpinski fractal antenna for broadband applications. Applied Soft Computing 38, 843–850.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhattacharya, A, Roy, B, Vinit, S and Bhattacharjee, AK (2017) Application of RCGA in optimization of return loss of a monopole antenna with Sierpinski fractal geometry. In Bhaumik, J, Chakrabarti, I, De, BP, Bag, B and Mukherjee, S (eds), Communication, Devices, and Computing. Singapore: Springer, pp. 95–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salgotra, R and Singh, U (2018) A novel bat flower pollination algorithm for synthesis of linear antenna arrays. Neural Computing and Applications 30, 2269–2282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Emamghorashi, A and Mohajeri, F (2017) Impedance bandwidth enhancement of a novel fabricated fractal patch antenna using invasive weed optimization algorithm. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Electrical Engineering 41, 205–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, N, Saxena, J and Bhatia, KS (2018) Design optimization of CPW-fed microstrip patch antenna using constrained ABFO algorithm. Soft Computing 22, 8301–8315.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banerjee, S and Mandal, D (2018) Array pattern optimization for steerable circular isotropic antenna array using cat swarm optimization algorithm. Wireless Personal Communications 99, 1169–1194.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ponnapalli, VAS, Pappu, VJ and Srinivasulu, B (2018) Design of thinned rhombic fractal array antenna using GA and PSO optimization techniques for space and advanced wireless applications. In Anguera, J, Satapathy, SC, Bhateja, V and Sunitha, KVN (eds), Microelectronics, Electromagnetics and Telecommunications. Singapore: Springer, pp. 719–727.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Das, A, Mandal, D, Ghoshal, SP and Kar, R (2019) An optimal mutually coupled concentric circular antenna array synthesis using ant lion optimization. Annals of Telecommunications 74. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12243-019-00729-3.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gupta, N, Saxena, J and Bhatia, KS (2019) Optimized metamaterial-loaded fractal antenna using modified hybrid BF-PSO algorithm. Neural Computing and Applications 2019, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-019-04202-z.Google Scholar
Nematollahi, AF, Rahiminejad, A and Vahidi, B (2017) A novel physical based meta-heuristic optimization method known as Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization. Applied Soft Computing 59, 596–621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ali, T, Prasad, KD and Biradar, RC (2018) A miniaturized slotted multiband antenna for wireless applications. Journal of Computational Electronics 17, 1056–1070.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rakibe, SV, Sahu, SD and Khobragade, SV (2015) Fractal antenna for multi-frequency applications using PIN diode. Journal of Computational Electronics 14, 222–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pandey, A, Singhal, S and Singh, AK (2016) CPW-Fed third iterative square-shaped fractal antenna for UWB applications. Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 58, 92–99.10.1002/mop.29510CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mondal, T, Maity, S, Ghatak, R and Chaudhuri, SRB (2018) Compact circularly polarized wide-beamwidth fern-fractal-shaped microstrip antenna for vehicular communication. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 67, 5126–5134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y and Jiang, X (2019) An enhanced Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization algorithm. Algorithms 12, 134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar