Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-qdpjg Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-21T20:57:19.161Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Improving SINR with smart RIS solutions: exploring optimal dimensions and sizes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 February 2025

Bushra J. Qeryaqos
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Mosul, College of Engineering, Mosul, Iraq
Saad A. Ayoob*
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Mosul, College of Engineering, Mosul, Iraq
*
Corresponding author: Saad A. Ayoob; Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) enhance the performance of wireless communication networks, particularly within millimeter wave (mm-Wave) bands. When a line-of-sight link is not strong enough or is fully blocked. The location of RIS has a significant impact on the RIS’s wireless channel and system performance. A wireless communication model has been proposed in a mm-Wave environment supported by RIS. The proposed model contains one transmitter and five users at the receiving end. Due to the small distance between users, there is interference between them and the received signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) decreases. Three RISs separated by different interspace distances were proposed to serve users at various distances from the transmitter to reduce inter-user interference. The simulation results showed that increasing the distance between the RIS site and the TX-User line served a larger number of users, and the three heights of the RIS provided a coverage range domain complementary to each other for different user sites. The improvement percentages in SINR for the second and third RIS are 48.46% and 77.38%, respectively. Enlarging the size of the RIS only increases the signal capacity and does not affect the coverage range domain of the single RIS.

Type
Research Paper
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Ayoob, SA, Alsharbaty, FS and Hammodat, AN (2023) Design and simulation of high efficiency rectangular microstrip patch antenna using artificial intelligence for 6G era. Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control 21, 12341245.Google Scholar
Ayoob, SA, Mahmood, FE and Abdullah, FY (2023) Design and simulation of a high gain microstrip patch antenna for 5G communication systems, IEEE 2023 International Conference on Engineering, Science and Advanced Technology (ICESAT), Mosul, Iraq, 6568.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simmons, N JW, Browning, SL, Cotton, PC, Sofotasios (2024) A simulation framework for cooperative reconfigurable intelligent surface-based systems. IEEE Transactions on Communications 72, 480495.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kayraklik, S, Yildirim, I, Gorcin, A, Gorcin, A, Gorcin, A and Gorcin, A (2024) Indoor measurements for RIS-aided communication: Practical phase shift optimization, coverage enhancement, and physical layer security. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 5, 12431255.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ozdogan, O, Björnson, E and Larsson, EG (2020) Using intelligent reflecting surfaces for rank improvement in MIMO communications, ICASSP 2020 - 2020 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Barcelona, Spain, 91609164.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kang, Z, You, C and Zhang, R (2023) Active-passive IRS aided wireless communication: New hybrid architecture and elements allocation optimization. IEEE Wireless Communications 117583, 133.Google Scholar
Moeen Taghavi, E, Hashemi, R, Rajatheva, N and Latva-Aho, M (2023) Environment-aware joint active/passive beamforming for RIS-aided communications leveraging channel knowledge map. IEEE Communications Letters 27, 18241828.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singh, K, Singh, SK and Li, CP (2023) On the performance analysis of RIS-assisted infinite and finite blocklength communication in presence of an eavesdropper. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 4, 854872.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yuan, X, Zhang, YJA, Shi, Y, Yan, W and Liu, H (2021) Reconfigurable-intelligent-surface empowered wireless communications: Challenges and opportunities. IEEE Wireless Communications 28, 136143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Papazafeiropoulos, , Kourtessis, P and Chatzinotas, S (2023) Max-min SINR analysis of star-RIS assisted massive MIMO systems with hardware impairments. IEEE Wireless Communications 23(5), 42554268. doi:10.1109/TWC.2023.3316707CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pan, C, Zhou, G, Zhi, K, Hong, S, Wu, T, Pan, Y and Ren, H (2022) An overview of signal processing techniques for RIS/IRS-aided wireless systems. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 16, 883917.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Diao, D, Wang, B, Cao, K, Zheng, B, Dong, R and Cheng, T (2023) Reflecting elements analysis for secure and energy-efficient uav-RIS system with phase errors. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 13(2), 293297. doi:10.1109/LWC.2023.3327384CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guo, B, Li, R and Tao, M (2021) Joint design of hybrid beamforming and phase shifts in RIS-aided mmWave communication systems. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference WCNC 2021, 113.Google Scholar
Ayoob, SA, Alsharbaty, FS and Alhafid, A (2022) Enhancement the heavy file application of 802.16 e cell using intra-site CoMP in uplink stream. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 17, 17211733.Google Scholar
Ntontin, K, AA, Boulogeorgos, Björnson, E, WA, Martins (2023) Wireless energy harvesting for autonomous reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking 7, 114129.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Abed, RA and Ayoob, SA (2023) Millimeter wave beams coordination and antenna array height effect. AIP Conference Proceedings 2830(1), . doi:10.1063/5.0157290Google Scholar
Qeryaqos, BJ and Ayoob, SA (2024) Proposed multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces to mitigate the inter-user-interference problem in NLOS. Journal of Communications Software and Systems 20, 245252.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pan, Y, Pan, C, Jin, S and Wang, J (2023) RIS-aided near-field localization and channel estimation for the terahertz system. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing 17, 878892.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aghashahi, S, Zeinalpour-Yazdi, Z, Tadaion, A, Mashhadi, MB and Elzanaty, A (2023) MU-massive MIMO with multiple RISs: SINR maximization and asymptotic analysis. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 12, 9971001.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bian, Y, Dong, D, Jiang, J and Song, K (2023) Performance analysis of reconfigurable intelligent surface-assisted wireless communication systems under co-channel interference. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 4, 596605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Qeryaqos, BJ and Ayoob, SA (2024) Optimizing the signal-to-noise ratio using the virtual line of sight and choosing the appropriate dimensions. International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 70, 909914.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ren, Y, Zhou, R, Teng, X, Meng, S (2023) On deployment position of RIS in wireless communication systems: Analysis and experimental results. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 12, 17561760.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeng, S, Zhang, H, Di, B, Han, Z and Song, L (2021) Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) assisted wireless coverage extension: RIS orientation and location optimization. IEEE Communications Letters 25, 269273.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Salah, M, Elsherbini, MM and Omer, OA (2022) RIS-focus: On the optimal placement of the focal plane for outdoor beam routing. IEEE Access 10, 5305353065.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nguyen, BC, TM, Hoang, PT, Tran and TN, Nguyen (2021) Cooperative communications for improving the performance of bidirectional full-duplex system with multiple reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. IEEE Access 9, 134733134742.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yang, B, Cao, X, Huang, C, Yuen, C, Qian, L and Di Renzo, M (2021) Intelligent spectrum learning for wireless networks with reconfigurable intelligent surfaces. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 70, 39203925.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liang, R, Fan, J and Yue, J (2021) A cascaded multi-IRSs beamforming scheme in mmWave communication systems. IEEE Access 9, 9919399200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yu, X, Xu, D, Sun, Y, Ng, DWK and Schober, R (2020) Robust and secure wireless communications via intelligent reflecting surfaces. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 38, 26372652.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wang, Y and Peng, J (2023) Energy efficiency fairness of active reconfigurable intelligent surfaces-aided cell-free network. IEEE Access 11, 58845893.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Li, H, Member, S, Shen, S and Member, S (2024) Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces 2.0: beyond diagonal phase shift matrices. IEEE Communications Magazine 62, 102108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alsawaf, HA and Ayoob, SA (2024) Optimized wideband beamforming for mm-wave communication systems with intelligent reflecting surfaces. Journal of Communications Software and Systems 20, 350360.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ma, X, Fang, Y, Zhang, H, Guo, S and Yuan, D (2022) Cooperative beamforming design for multiple RIS-assisted communication systems. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 21, 1094910963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trichopoulos, GC, Theofanopoulos, P, Kashyap, B, Shekhawat, A, Modi, A (2022) Design and evaluation of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces in real-world environment. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 3, 462474.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brancati, G, Chukhno, O, Chukhno, N and Araniti, G (2022) Reconfigurable intelligent surface placement in 5g NR/6G: Optimization and performance analysis. IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications 2022, 18. doi:10.1109/PIMRC54779.2022.9978019Google Scholar
Tahkoubit, K, Cassiau, N, Demmer, D and Doré, JB (2023) Integrated access and backhaul with RIS: analyzing inter-source and inter-user interference. IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications PIMRC, . doi:10.1109/PIMRC56721.2023.10293995.Google Scholar
Balanis, CA (2005) Antenna Theory Analysis and Design, Third Edition. A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Publication: New Jersey. Available at https://ia600501.us.archive.org/30/items/AntennaTheoryAnalysisAndDesign3rdEd/Antenna%20Theory%20Analysis%20and%20Design%203rd%20ed.pdf.Google Scholar
Zuo, X, Li, B, Yan, Z, Xue, Q and Yang, M (2017) Beam coordinated multi-points transmission for 5G millimeter-wave network. 2017 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing 2017, 14.Google Scholar
Ntontin, K, Boulogeorgos, AAA, Selimis, DG, Lazarakis, FI, Alexiou, A and Chatzinotas, S (2021) Reconfigurable intelligent surface optimal placement in millimeter-wave networks. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society 2, 704718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar