Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-18T19:17:50.206Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Experimental characterization of dielectric properties of carbon nanotube networks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 February 2011

Mahmoud A. EL Sabbagh
Mahmoud A. EL Sabbagh*
Affiliation:
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA. Phone: +1 479-287-9074.
*
Corresponding author: M.A. EL Sabbagh Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This paper explores the characterization of dielectric and conductive properties of carbon nanotube (CNT) networks. This is carried out by building planar transmission lines where conventional metallic traces are replaced by CNT networks. The proposed transmission lines with CNT networks are presented. Experimental realization and repeated two-port microwave measurements of proposed transmission lines enable the accurate extractions of their fundamental parameters showing percolation effects due to presence of CNT networks. The frequency-dependent phase velocity characteristics show a dramatic reduction compared to the speed of light in vacuum. The large magnitude of extracted complex permittivity for CNT networks also exhibits its percolation performance. The effects of CNTs' bulk density on measured and calculated parameters are explained. The results presented in this paper demonstrate the feasibility and the potential of building transmission lines and radio-frequency (RF) circuits elements using CNT networks.

Keywords

Carbon nanotubesnanotechnologypercolationpermittivityphase velocityplanar transmission lines
Type
Research Papers
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 3 , Issue 4 , August 2011 , pp. 465 - 475
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press and the European Microwave Association 2011

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

[1]Iijima, S.: Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon. Nature, 354 (1991), 56–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[2]Dresselhaus, M.S.; Dresselhaus, G.; Avouris, P.: Carbon Nanotubes Synthesis, Structure, Properties and Applications, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 2001.Google Scholar
[3]Davis, J.F. et al. : High-Q mechanical resonator arrays based on carbon nanotubes, in IEEE Conf. on Nanotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA, 2003, 635–638.Google Scholar
[4]Burke, P.J.: Carbon nanotubes for GHz to THz applications, in Proc. of Int. Semiconductor Device Research, Washington, DC, USA, 2003, 314–315.Google Scholar
[5]Wang, Y. et al. : Receiving and transmitting light-like radio waves: antenna effect in arrays of aligned carbon nanotubes. Appl. Phys. Lett., 85 (2004), 2607–2609.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[6]Kashiwagi, K.; Yamashita, S.; Nasu, Y.; Yaguchi, H.; Goh, C.S.; Set, S.Y.: Planar waveguide-type saturable absorber based on carbon nanotubes. Appl. Phys. Lett., 89 (2006), 0812259(1–3).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[7]Zhu, Q. et al. : Possibility of constructing microwave antenna with carbon nanotubes. J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. B Microelectron. Nanometers Struct., 25 (2007), 1630–1634.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[8]Niyogi, S. et al. : Chemistry of single-walled carbon nanotubes. Accounts Chem. Res., 35 (2002), 1105–1113.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[9]Zhao, B.; Hu, H.; Haddon, R.C.: Synthesis and properties of a water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotube-poly(m-aminobenzene sulfonic acid) Graft copolymer. Adv. Funct. Mater., 14 (2004), 71–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[10]Itkis, M.E. et al. : Purity evaluation of as-prepared single-walled carbon nanotube soot by use of solution-phase near-IR spectroscopy. Nano Lett. 3 (2003), 309–314.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[11]Bekyarova, E. et al. : Electronic properties of single-walled carbon nanotube networks. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 127 (2005), 5990–5995.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
[12]Kilbride, B.E. et al. : Experimental observation of scaling laws for alternating current and direct current conductivity in polymer-carbon nanotube composite thin films. J. App. Phys., 92 (2002), 4024–4030.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[13]Xu, H.; Anlage, S.M.; Hu, L.; Gruner, G.: Microwave shielding of transparent and conducting single-walled carbon nanotube films. Appl. Phys. Lett., 90 (2007), 183119(1–3).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[14]Xu, H.; Zhang, S.; Anlage, S.M.: Frequency- and electric-field-dependent conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotube networks of varying density. Phys. Rev., B 77 (2008), 075418(1–6).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[15]Burke, P.J.: An RF circuit model for carbon nanotubes. IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol., 2 (2003), 55–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[16]Hanson, G.W.: Fundamental transmitting properties of carbon nanotube antennas. IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. 53 (2005), 3426–3435.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[17]EL Sabbagh, M.A.; El-Ghazaly, S.M.; Naseem, H.A.: Carbon nanotube-based planar transmission lines, in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Boston, MA, 2009, 353–356.Google Scholar
[18]EL Sabbagh, M.A.; El-Ghazaly, S.M.: Miniaturized carbon nanotube-based RF resonator, in IEEE MTT-S Int. Microwave Symp. Dig., Boston, MA, 2009, 829–832.Google Scholar
[19]Harrington, R.F.: Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, 1961.Google Scholar
[20]Cheng, D.K.: Field and Wave Electromagnetics. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1989.Google Scholar
[21]EL Sabbagh, M.A.; Kermani, M.H.; Ramahi, O.M.: Accurate broad-band measurement of complex permittivity using striplines, in IEEE AP-S Int. Symp. and USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Monterey, CA, 2004.Google Scholar
[22]O'Connell, M.J.: Carbon Nanotubes Properties and Applications, Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[23]Loiseau, A.; Launois, P.; Petit, P.; Roche, S.; Salvetat, J.-P.: Understanding Carbon Nanotubes From Basics to Applications, Springer, Heidelberg, Berlin, 2006.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[24]Fuhrer, M.S. et al. : Crossed nanotube junctions. Science, 288 (2002), 494–497.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[25]Stauffer, D.; Aharony, A.: Introduction to Percolation Theory, Taylor and Francis, Washington, DC, 1992.Google Scholar
[26]Luttinger, J.M.: An exactly soluble model of a many-fermion system. J. Math. Phys., 4 (1963), 1154–1162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[27]Bockrath, M.W.: Carbon Nanotubes: Electrons in One Dimesnion, Ph.D. dissertation, Dept. Physics, Univ. of California, Berkely, CA, USA, 1999.Google Scholar