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A dual-band microwave sensor for liquid permittivity characterization based on multiple complementary split-ring resonators

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 November 2024

Hong Xiao Open the ORCID record for Hong Xiao [Opens in a new window]  and
Sen Yan Open the ORCID record for Sen Yan [Opens in a new window]
Hong Xiao
Affiliation:
School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
Sen Yan*
Affiliation:
School of Information and Communications Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
*
Corresponding author: Sen Yan; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This article presents a dual-band planar microwave sensor to characterize the permittivity of liquid samples. The sensor utilizes a splitter–combiner microstrip segment loaded with two pairs of triangular-shaped complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs). By integrating a meander slot into the CSRRs and incorporating inter-resonator coupling between the CSRRs, the proposed sensor achieves enhanced frequency shifts, resulting in improved sensitivity. An adulteration detection experiment is conducted to validate the sensor’s performance by mixing mineral oil into castor oil with a polydimethylsiloxane container placed on the sensing area. The variations in resonant frequency and peak attenuation are employed to extract the permittivity of the loaded liquid sample. The peak sensitivities in determining the real permittivity are measured to be 6.34% and 5.7% for the first and second frequency bands, respectively. The measured errors for extracting the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity are approximately 3.95% and 7.47% for the first frequency band and 3.67% and 6.28% for the second frequency band, respectively. The proposed dual-band microwave sensor, with its high sensitivity, compact size, small sample volume, and low cost, demonstrates great potential for applications in the quality monitoring of agricultural and industrial products.

Keywords

Complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs)Complex permittivityDual-bandMicrowave sensor
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 16 , Issue 8 , October 2024 , pp. 1431 - 1438
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.

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