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Flexible dual-band antenna for ISM/5G enabled MIMO systems with pattern diversity for wireless body area networks

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 November 2024

Sini Namath Open the ORCID record for Sini Namath [Opens in a new window] ,
Kumudham Rajamohan ,
Ramesh Subramaniam  and
Vijayalakshmi Alagarsamy
Sini Namath*
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
Kumudham Rajamohan
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
Ramesh Subramaniam
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SRM Valliammai Engineering College, Chennai, India
Vijayalakshmi Alagarsamy
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Chennai, India
*
Corresponding author: Sini Namath; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

This paper outlines the design of a six-element multiple-input–multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with pattern diversity for industrial scientific medical (ISM)/5G-enabled wireless body area networks (WBANs). Within the MIMO configuration, each element has a quasi-yagi antenna configuration implemented on an ultrathin microwave laminate. The proposed quasi-yagi antenna has a small form factor of 25 × 25 mm, featuring a dipole-like radiator excited through a microstrip-line to tapered slot-line transition. The antenna’s radiators are patterned to ensure a dual-narrow impedance bandwidth. The conventional strip-line director in the planar yagi is replaced with a semicircular loop-like director, enhancing directional radiation patterns. This proposed flexible antenna offers versatile functionality by operating at both ISM standards of 2.45 GHz and the 5G wireless local area network standard at 3.5 GHz. The quasi-yagi elements are strategically distributed in a hexagonal formation to construct the six-element MIMO scheme with pattern diversity, resulting in a tangential radiation pattern suitable for on-body communication. Following fabrication, the prototype MIMO antenna’s simulation results are validated through real-time measurements. The proposed antenna exhibits an average gain exceeding 3.5 dBi across both operating bands. Furthermore, the proposed MIMO antenna exhibits promising performance metrics suitable for densely cluttered WBAN environments.

Keywords

flexible antennasMIMO antennasonbody antennas
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 17 , Issue 1 , February 2025 , pp. 83 - 91
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.

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