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Design of polarization reconfigurable Koch fractal antenna for S-and C-band applications

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 December 2024

Khushbu Patel Open the ORCID record for Khushbu Patel [Opens in a new window]  and
Santanu Kumar Behera Open the ORCID record for Santanu Kumar Behera [Opens in a new window]
Khushbu Patel*
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
Santanu Kumar Behera
Affiliation:
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
*
Corresponding author: Khushbu Patel; Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

In this research, a novel polarization reconfigurable fractal antenna with high gain is proposed for wideband applications. This antenna consists of a Koch curve based hexagonal ring patch, two Positive-Intrinsic-Negative (PIN) diodes, and partial ground. The patch is positioned on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate (ϵr = 2.2) with overall dimensions 33 × 30 × 1.6 mm3. It has three frequency bands with three different cases i.e., case I, 3–7.91 (90%); case II, 3–7.73 (88.16%); and case III, 3.54–6.7 GHz (61.7%). As a result, the proposed antenna’s impedance bandwidth (IBW) offers constant wideband coverage ranging from 3–7.91 GHz (90%). The axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) is below 3 dB over 3.6–6.9 (62.86%) and 3.33–7.14 GHz (72.78%) for LHCP (Case I) and RHCP modes (Case II), respectively. The value for LP mode (Case III) is 3.54–6.7 GHz (61.7%). A peak realized gains of 4.75, 5.07, and 3.8 dBi are achieved at 6.2, 6.3, and 6 GHz for Case I, Case II, and Case III, respectively. Both linear and circular polarization prototype was developed and the performance was verified through measurements. The design confirms good polarization-reconfigurable characteristics within the band of 3.91 – 7.91 GHz.

Keywords

axial ratio bandwidthfractal patchminiaturizationPIN diodereconfigurationwideband
Type
Research Paper
Information
International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies , Volume 16 , Special Issue 10: Swedish microwave days 2023 , December 2024 , pp. 1772 - 1785
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The European Microwave Association.

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