Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gvvz8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-12T17:26:57.411Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Progress in our Understanding of Cometary Dust Tails

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 April 2016

Extract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

It is almost generally accepted that the essentially structureless and often significantly curved tails of comets are composed of sunlight-scattering solid particles of various sizes, ejected from the comet’s nucleus by evaporating gases. Much less agreement has so far been achieved as to the character, composition, and size distribution of the particles.

Type
Part II
Copyright
Copyright © NASA 1976

References

Arrhenius, S. A. (1900). Ueber die Ursache der Nordlichter. Phys. Zeitschr. 2, 81110.Google Scholar
Becklin, E. E., and Westphal, J. A. (1966). Infrared observations of Comet 1965f. Astrophys. J. 145, 445453.10.1086/148785CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belton, M. J. S. (1965). Some characteristics of type II comet tails and the problem of the distant comets. Astron. J. 70, 451465.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Belton, M. J. S. (1966). The dynamics of type II comet tails. In Nature et Origine des Cometes, Proc. Coll. Int. Univ. Liège, pp. 317321.Google Scholar
Bessel, F. W. (1836). Beobachtungen über die physische Beschaffenheit des Halley’schen Kometen und dadurch veranlasste Bemerkungen. Astron. Nachr. 13, 185232.Google Scholar
Biermann, L. (1951). Kometenschweife und solare Korpuskularstrahlung. Zeitschr. Astrophys. 29, 274286.Google Scholar
Clarke, D. (1971). Polarization measurements of the head of Comet Bennett (1969i). Astron. Astrophys. 14, 9094.Google Scholar
Delsemme, A. H., and Miller, D. C. (1970). Physico-chemical phenomena in comets. II. Gas adsorption in the snows of the nucleus. Planet. Space Sci. 18, 717730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delsemme, A. H., and Miller, D. C. (1971a). Physico-chemical phenomena in comets. III. The continuum of Comet Burnham (1960 H). Planet. Space Sci. 19, 12291257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delsemme, A. H., and Miller, D. C. (1971b). Physico-chemical phenomena in comets. IV. The C2 emission of Comet Burnham (1960 H). Planet. Space Sci. 19, 12591274.Google Scholar
Delsemme, A. H., and Wenger, A. (1970). Physico-chemical phenomena in comets. I. Experimental study of snows in a cometary environment. Planet. Space Sci. 18, 709715.10.1016/0032-0633(70)90052-8CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finson, M. L., and Probstein, R. F. (1966). The fluid dynamics of comet dust tails. AIAA Paper No. 66–32. (Presented at the 3rd Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Jan. 24–26, 1966, New York.)CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finson, M. L., and Probstein, R. F. (1968a). A theory of dust comets. I. Model and equations. Astrophys. J. 154, 327352.10.1086/149761CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finson, M. L., and Probstein, R. F. (1968b). A theory of dust comets. II. Results for Comet Arend-Roland. Astrophys. J. 154, 353380.Google Scholar
Frić, J., and Frić, J. (1896). Photographische Aufnahmen von Cometen. Astron. Nachr. 140, 6364.Google Scholar
Gary, G. A., and O’Dell, C. R. (1974). Interpretation of the anti-tail of Comet Kohoutek as a particle flow phenomenon. Icarus (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, E. G. (1974). Comet Kohoutek drawings from Skylab. Sky and Tel. 48, 207212.Google Scholar
Hansen, P. A. (1824). Meridian-Beobachtungen des Cometen in Altona. Astron. Nachr. 2, 491492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harding, C. L. (1824). Astronomische Nachrichten, Beobachtungen des diesjährigen Kometen, etc. Berliner Astron. Jahrbuch für 1827, pp. 131135.Google Scholar
Harwit, M., and Vanýsek, V. (1971). Alignment of dust particles in comet tails. Bull. Astron. List. Czech. 22, 1821.Google Scholar
Huebner, W. F. (1970). Dust from cometary nuclei. Astron. Astrophys. 5, 286297.Google Scholar
Jaegermann, R. (1903). Prof. Dr. Th. Bredichin’s Mechanische Untersuchungen über Cometenformen. St. Petersburg.Google Scholar
Jambor, B.J. (1973). The split tail of Comet Seki-Lines. Astrophys. J. 185, 727734.10.1086/152449CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jambor, B. J. (1974). History of the dust released by comets. These Proceedings.Google Scholar
Jeffers, H. M., and Adams, B. (1938). Observations of comets and asteroids. Lick Obs. Bull. 18, 163166.Google Scholar
Keller, H. U., and Lillie, C. F. (1974). The scale length of OH and the production rates of H and OH in Comet Bennett (1970 II). Astron. Astrophys. 34, 187196.Google Scholar
Kresák, L., and Vozárová, M. (1954). Comet Vozárová (1954f). IAU Circ. No. 1467.Google Scholar
Lampland, C. O. (1912). Comet a 1910. Lowell Obs. Bull. 2, 3455.Google Scholar
Larsson-Leander, G. (1957). The anomalous tail of Comet Arend-Roland. Observatory 77, 132135.Google Scholar
Liller, W. (1960). The nature of the grains in the tails of Comets 1956h and 1957d. Astrophys. J. 132, 867882.10.1086/146986CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maas, R., Ney, E. P., and Woolf, N. J. (1970). The 10-micron emission peak of Comet Bennett 1969i. Astrophys. J. (Lett.) 160, L101-L104.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maclear, T. (1845). Great comet of 1844–5. Observations made at the Royal Observatory, Cape of Good Hope. Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 6, 234237.Google Scholar
McClure, A., and Liller, W. (1958). Rayed structure in the tail of Comet Mrkos, 1957d. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 70, 404406.10.1086/127247CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, F. D., Blanco, V. M., and Gomez, A. (1971). A secondary tail of Comet Tago-Sato-Kosaka (1969g). Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 83, 216217.10.1086/129107CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ney, E. P. (1974). Multi band photometry of Comets Kohoutek, Bennett, Bradfield and Encke. Icarus (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dell, C. R. (1961). Emission-band and continuum photometry of Comet Burnham, 1959k. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 73, 3542.10.1086/127615CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Dell, C. R. (1974). Particle sizes in Comet Bennett (1970 II). Icarus 21, 9699.10.1016/0019-1035(74)90095-5CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olbers, H. W. M. (1824). (Extract from a letter.) Astron. Nachr. 3, 510.10.1002/asna.18250030103CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oort, J. H. (1950). The structure of the cloud of comets surrounding the solar system, and a hypothesis concerning its origin. Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 11, 91110.Google Scholar
Oort, J. H., and Schmidt, M. (1951). Differences between new and old comets. Bull. Astron. Inst. Neth. 11, 259269.Google Scholar
Orlov, S. V. (1945). Synchrones in comet tails (in Russian). Astron. J. (USSR) 22, 202214.Google Scholar
Osterbrock, D. E. (1958). A study of two comet tails. Astrophys. J. 128, 95105.10.1086/146520CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Porter, J. G. (1962). Comets (1961). Quart. J. Roy. Astron. Soc. 3, 167178.Google Scholar
Probstein, R. F. (1968). The dusty gasdynamics of comet heads. In Problems of Hydrodynamics and Continuum Mechanics, Soc. Industr. Appl. Math., Philadelphia, p. 568.Google Scholar
Remy-Battiau, L. (1964). Étude du spectre continu des têtes de comètes. I. Diffusion de la lumière solaire par des particules diélectriques. Acad. Roy. Belg. Bull. Cl. Sci. (Sér. 5) 50, 7489.Google Scholar
Rieke, G. H., and Lee, T. A. (1974). Photometry of Cornet Kohoutek (1973f). Nature 248, 737740.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roemer, E. (1962). Activity of comets at large heliocentric distance. Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 74, 351365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schwarzschild, K. (1901). Der Druck des Lichtes auf kleine Kugeln und die Arrhenius’sche Théorie des Cometenschweife. Sitz. Bayer. Akad. Wiss. MÏnchen 1901, pp. 293327.Google Scholar
Sekanina, Z. (1973a). Existence of icy comet tails at large distances from the sun. Astrophys. Lett. 14, 175180.Google Scholar
Sekanina, Z. (1973b). Dynamical and photometric investigation of cometary type II tails. NASA Grant NGR 09-015-159, Semiannual Progress Report No. 4, pp. 4147; see also note in IAU. Circ. No. 2580.Google Scholar
Sekanina, Z. (1973c). Dynamical and photometric investigation of cometary type II tails. NASA Grant NGR 09-015-159, Semiannual Progress Report No. 3, pp. 721.Google Scholar
Sekanina, Z. (1974a). A study of the icy tails of the distant comets. Submitted to Icarus.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sekanina, Z. (1974b). The prediction of anomalous tails of comets. Sky and Tel. 47, 374377.Google Scholar
Sekanina, Z. (1974c). On the nature of the anti-tail of Comet Kohoutek 1973f. I. A working model. Icarus (in press).10.1016/0019-1035(74)90013-XCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sekanina, Z., and Miller, F. D. (1973). Comet Bennett 1970 H. Science 179, 565567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sekanina, Z., Miller, F. D., and Waterfield, R. L. (1975). On the nature of the anti-tail of Comet Kohoutek 1973f. EL Comparison of the working model with ground-based photographic observations. To be submitted to Icarus.Google Scholar
Spinrad, H., and Miner, E. D. (1968). Sodium velocity field in Comet 1965f. Astrophys. J. 153, 355366.10.1086/149672CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Biesbroeck, G. (1938). Observations of comets at the Yerkes Observatory. Astron. J. 47, 157163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Van Biesbroeck, G. (1957). Observations of comets. Astron. J. 62, 191197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
von Biela, W. (1824). (Extract from a letter.) Astron. Nachr. 3, 2730.Google Scholar
Vsekhsvyatsky, S. K. (1959). On the nature of “synchronic” formations in comets’ tails. Soviet Astron. 3, 490498.Google Scholar
Waterfield, R. L. (1954). Comet Vozárová (1954f). IAU Circ. No. 1467.Google Scholar
Waterston, J. J. (1845). (Extract from a letter.) Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. 6, 207209.Google Scholar
Whipple, F. L. (1957a). The sunward tail of Comet Arend-Roland. Nature 179, 1240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whipple, F. L. (1957b). Comments on the sunward tay of Comet Arend-Roland. Sky and Tel. 16, 426428.Google Scholar