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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 April 2016
The coordinate system defined by the locations of distant galaxies should be an inertial coordinate system. Until that system becomes better observed, we must use the stars of our own Galaxy, and make certain assumptions in order to achieve an inertial system. Basically, we assume that the stellar proper motions consist of a component due to galactic rotation (a function of distance from the galactic center), a component due to solar motion, and a random component, peculiar to each star. The random component should not cause the star system as a whole to rotate in any particular direction – in other words, the sum of the random components of proper motion will be zero (to within their standard deviation) in every direction.