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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 April 2016
One of the fundamental problems in atmospheric physics is concerned with providing improved weather forecasts for the Earth and predicting the future climate of our planet. However, this is a particularly difficult task since the meteorology of the Earth is affected by a wide range of physical factors - clouds, oceans, continents, polar caps, deserts and forests - all of which respond differently to ‘the solar energy which drives the weather systems. In addition, external factors, such as the changing energy from the sun, are thought to strongly influence the Earth’s meteorology. To provide a broader understanding of atmospheric phenomena, detailed studies of planetary atmospheres have been conducted, since they provide a unique opportunity to investigate these basic problems in fluid dynamics under boundary conditions which are quite different from those found on the Earth.