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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 27 February 2018
Fragmentation dominates the ablation process of cometary type impactors during their atmospheric flight. Models that account for it imply that a kilometer-sized nuclear fragment of comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 has disintegrated almost completely by the time of its terminal explosion, at a pressure level of <1 bar. This result, consistent with impact scenarios based on precursor-event timings, suggests that the initial masses of two fragments, K and R, were between 7×1014 and 5×1015grams apiece.