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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 12 April 2016
In an Earth-fixed reference frame, polar motions (precession, lunisolar nutation, free nutation) introduce small apparent forces in the equations of motion of an Earth satellite. We discuss the possibilities (a) of integrating the orbit in an Earth-fixed frame when tracking data are used for geophysical applications, and (b) of determining from orbital data a set of unknown parameters describing the long-period wandering of the pole.