Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T00:43:24.216Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Why Are Antibiotic-Resistant Nosocomial Infections Spiraling Out of Control?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 June 2016

Carlene A. Muto*
Affiliation:
Division of Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Presbyterian Campus, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, [email protected]
*
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC-P), 1215 Kaufmann Building, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Editorial
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2005

References

1.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System report: data summary from January 1990-May 1999. Am J Infect Control 1999;27:520532.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
2.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NNIS Antimicrobial Resistance Report: Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (VRE) Facts. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 1999. Available at www.cdc.gov/phtn/old/vrefacts.htm.Google Scholar
3.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance (NNIS) System report: data summary from January 1992-June 2001. Am J Infect Control 2001;29:404421.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
4.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Proportion of Healthcare-Acquired S. aureus Infections Resistant to Oxacillin (MRSA) Among ICU Patients, 1989-2003. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2004. Available at www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/ARESIST/mrsa.htm.Google Scholar
5.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Campaign to Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance in Healthcare Settings: Why a Campaign? Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2001. Available at www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/healthcare/problem.htm.Google Scholar
6.Cosgrove, SE, Sakoulas, G, Perencevich, EN, Schwaber, MJ, Karchmer, AW, Carmeli, Y. Comparison of mortality associated with methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:5359.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
7.Cosgrove, SE, Qi, Y, Kaye, KS, Harbarth, S, Karchmer, AW. The impact of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia on patient outcomes: mortality, length of stay and hospital charge. Presented at the 41st Annual Meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy; September 22-25, 2001; Chicago, IL. Abstract K-1221:415.Google Scholar
8.Engemann, JJ, Carmeli, Y, Cosgrove, SE, et al.Adverse clinical and economic outcomes attributable to methicillin resistance among patients with Staphylococcus aureus surgical site infection. Clin Infect Dis 2003;36:592598.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Salgado, CD, Farr, BM. Outcomes associated with vancomycin resistant enterococci: a meta-analysis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2003;24:690698.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.L'Hériteau, F, Alberti, C, Cohen, Y, Troché, G, Moine, P, Timsit, J-F. Nosocomial infection and multidrug-resistant bacteria surveillance in intensive care units: a survey in France. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:1320.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Ward, MM, Diekema, DJ, Yankey, JW, et al.Implementation of strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in U.S. hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:2130.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
12.Flach, SD, Diekema, DJ, Yankey, JW, et al.Variation in the use of procedures to monitor antimicrobial resistance in U.S. hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:3138.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
13.Lee, TA, Hacek, DM, Stroupe, KT, Collins, SM, Peterson, LR. Three surveillance strategies for vancomycin-resistant enterococci in hospitalized patients: detection of colonization efficiency and a cost-effectiveness model. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:3946.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
14.Bolon, MK, Arnold, AD, Feldman, HA, et al.Evaluating vancomycin use at a pediatric hospital: new approaches and insights. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2005;26:4755.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
15.Comité Technique National des Infections Nosocomiales. 100 Recommendations for Surveillance and Prevention of Nosocomial Infections. Paris: Ministère de l'Emploi et de la Solidarité; 1999.Google Scholar
16.Goldmann, DA, Weinstein, RA, Wenzel, RP, et al.Strategies to prevent and control the emergence and spread of antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms in hospitals. JAMA 1996;275:234240.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
17.Muto, CA, Jernigan, JA, Ostrowsky, BE, et al.SHEA guideline for preventing nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2003;24:362386.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Calfee, DP, Giannetta, ET, Durbin, LJ, Farr, BM. Control of endemic vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) among inpatients at a university hospital. Clin Infect Dis 2003;37:326332.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Salgado, CD, Farr, BM. What proportion of hospital patients colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are identified by clinical microbiology cultures?Presented at the 13th Annual Meeting of the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; April 5-8, 2003; Arlington, VAGoogle Scholar
20.Vriens, MR, Fluit, AC, Troelstra, A, Verhoef, J, Van Der Werken, C. Are MRSA more contagious than MSSA in a surgical intensive care unit? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2002;23:491494.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
21.Jernigan, JA, Titus, MG, Groschel, DHM, Getchell-White, SI, Farr, BM. Effectiveness of contact isolation during a hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Am J Epidemiol 1996;143:496504.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
22.HICPAC. Recommendations for preventing the spread of vancomycin resistance: Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1995;16:105113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
23.Carmeli, Y, Samore, MH, Huskins, C. The association between antecedent vancomycin treatment and hospital-acquired vancomycin-resistant enterococci: a meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 1999;159:24612468.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public Health Guidance for Community-Level Preparedness and Response to SARS. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2004. Available at www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/guidance/index.htm.Google Scholar
25.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Health Department and Infection Control Guidance: Investigation and Control of Vancomycin Intermediate and Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA/VRSA). Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2004. Available at www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/ARESIST/visa_vrsa_guide.pdf.Google Scholar
26.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Draft guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings, 2004. Federal Register 2004;69:330–34.Google Scholar