Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T00:51:02.720Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Surgical-Site Infections (SSI) and the NNIS Basic SSI Risk Index, Part II: Room for Improvement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Robert P. Gaynes*
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
*
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, E-55, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Editorial
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2001

References

1.Gaynes, RP. Surgical-site infections and the NNIS SSI Risk Index: room for improvement. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000;21:184185.Google Scholar
2.Altemeier, WA, Culbertson, WR. Surgical infection. In: Moyer, CA, Rhoads, JE, Allen, JG, Harkins, HN, eds. Surgery, Principles and Practice. Philadelphia, PA: JB Lippincott; 1965:5177.Google Scholar
3.National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council. Postoperative wound infections: the influence of ultraviolet irradiation of the operating room and of various other factors. Ann Surg 1964;160(suppl 2):1192.Google Scholar
4.Garner, JS. Guideline for prevention of surgical wound infections, 1985. Infect Control 1986;7:193200.Google Scholar
5.Haley, RW, Culver, DH, Morgan, WM, et al. Identifying patients at high risk of surgical wound infection. A simple multivariate index of patient susceptibility and wound contamination. Am J Epidemiol 1985;121:206215.Google Scholar
6.Culver, DH, Horan, TC, Gaynes, RP, Martone, WJ, Jarvis, WR, Emori, TG, et al. Surgical wound infection rates by wound class, operative procedure, and patient risk index. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Am J Med 1991;91(suppl 3B):152S157S.Google Scholar
7.Gaynes, RP, Culver, DH, Horan, TC, Edwards, JR, Richards, C, Tolson, JS. Surgical site infection (SSI) rates in the United States, 1992-98: The NNIS Basic SSI Risk Index. The National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Clin Infect Dis. In press.Google Scholar
8.Flanders, E, Hinnant, JR. Ambulatory surgery postoperative wound surveillance. Am J Infect Control 1990;18:336339.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
9.Fanning, C, Johnston, BL, MacDonald, S, LeFort-Jost, S, Dockerty, E. Postdischarge surgical site infection surveillance. Can J Infect Control 1995;10:7579.Google Scholar
10.Hecht, AD. Creating greater efficiency in ambulatory surgery. J Clin Anesth 1995;7:581584.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Roy, MC, Herwaldt, LA, Embrey, R, Kuhns, K, Wenzel, RP, Perl, TM. Does the Centers for Disease Control's NNIS Risk Index stratify patients undergoing cardiothoracic operations by their risk of surgical site infection? Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000;3:186190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
12.Campos, ML, Cipriano, ZM, Freitas, PF. Suitability of the NNIS index to predict surgical site infection at a small university hospital in Florianópolis, Southern Brazil. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2001;22:268272.Google Scholar
13.Geubbels, E, Mintjes-de Groot, A, van den Berg, J, de Boer, A. An operating surveillance system of surgical site infections in The Netherlands: results of the PREZIES national surveillance network. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000;4:311318.Google Scholar
14.Starling, CEF, Couto, BRGM, Pinheiro, SMC. Applying the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System methods in Brazilian Hospitals. Am J Infect Control 1997;25:303311.Google Scholar
15.Horan, TC, Culver, DH, Gaynes, RP, National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System. Results of a multicenter study on risk factors for surgical site infections (SSI) following C-Section (CSEC). Am J Infect Control 1996;24:84.Google Scholar
16.Emori, TG, Edwards, JR, Horan, TC, Gaynes, RP. Risk factors for surgical-site infection following craniotomy operation reported to the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000;21:144. Abstract.Google Scholar
17.Richards, C, Gaynes, RP, Horan, T, Edwards, J, Culver, D. Risk factors for surgical site infection following spinal fusion surgery in the United States. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2000;21:147. AbstractGoogle Scholar
18.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System report, data summary from January 1990-May 1999, issued June 1999. Am J Infect Control 1999;27:520532.Google Scholar
19.Horan, T, Culver, D. Comparing surgical site infection rates. In: Pfeiffer, J, ed. APIC Text of Infection Control and Epidemiology. Washington, DC: Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology;2000:141–14-7.Google Scholar
20.Gaynes, R, Horan, T. Surveillance of nosocomial infections. In: Mayhall, CG, ed. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control. 2nd ed. Baltimore, MD: William & Wilkins; 1999. Chapter 85.Google Scholar
21.Sands, K, Vineyard, G, Platt, R. Surgical site infections occurring after hospital discharge. J Infect Dis 1996;173:963970.Google Scholar