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Surgical site infection risk following cesarean deliveries covered by Medicaid or private insurance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 April 2019

Sarah H. Yi Open the ORCID record for Sarah H. Yi [Opens in a new window] ,
Kiran M. Perkins ,
Sophia V. Kazakova Open the ORCID record for Sophia V. Kazakova [Opens in a new window] ,
Kelly M. Hatfield ,
David G. Kleinbaum Open the ORCID record for David G. Kleinbaum [Opens in a new window] ,
James Baggs Open the ORCID record for James Baggs [Opens in a new window] ,
Rachel B. Slayton Open the ORCID record for Rachel B. Slayton [Opens in a new window]  and
John A. Jernigan
Sarah H. Yi*
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Kiran M. Perkins
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Sophia V. Kazakova
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Kelly M. Hatfield
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
David G. Kleinbaum
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia Rollins School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
James Baggs
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
Rachel B. Slayton
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
John A. Jernigan
Affiliation:
Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
*
Author for correspondence: Sarah H. Yi, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective:

To compare risk of surgical site infection (SSI) following cesarean delivery between women covered by Medicaid and private health insurance.

Study design:

Retrospective cohort.

Study population:

Cesarean deliveries covered by Medicaid or private insurance and reported to the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and state inpatient discharge databases by hospitals in California (2011–2013).

Methods:

Deliveries reported to NHSN and state inpatient discharge databases were linked to identify SSIs in the 30 days following cesarean delivery, primary payer, and patient and procedure characteristics. Additional hospital-level characteristics were obtained from public databases. Relative risk of SSI by primary payer primary payer was assessed using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for patient, procedure, and hospital characteristics, accounting for facility-level clustering.

Results:

Of 291,757 cesarean deliveries included, 48% were covered by Medicaid. SSIs were detected following 1,055 deliveries covered by Medicaid (0.75%) and 955 deliveries covered by private insurance (0.63%) (unadjusted odds ratio, 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–1.3; P < .0001). The adjusted odds of SSI following cesarean deliveries covered by Medicaid was 1.4 (95% CI, 1.2–1.6; P < .0001) times the odds of those covered by private insurance.

Conclusions:

In this, the largest and only multicenter study to investigate SSI risk following cesarean delivery by primary payer, Medicaid-insured women had a higher risk of infection than privately insured women. These findings suggest the need to evaluate and better characterize the quality of maternal healthcare for and needs of women covered by Medicaid to inform targeted infection prevention and policy.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 40 , Issue 6 , June 2019 , pp. 639 - 648
Copyright
© 2019 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. 

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Footnotes

PREVIOUS PRESENTATION: These findings were presented in part at IDWeek 2015 on October 8, 2015, in San Diego, California, and at IDWeek 2017 on October 7, 2017, in San Diego, California.

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