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Non-Gonococcal Ophthalmitis Associated with Erythromycin Ointment Prophylaxis of Gonococcal Ophthalmia Neonatorum

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Barbara R. Mooney ,
Jon A. Green ,
Beverly J. Epstein  and
Peter A. Hashisaki
Barbara R. Mooney*
Affiliation:
Department of Hospital Epidemiology and the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
Jon A. Green
Affiliation:
Department of Hospital Epidemiology and the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
Beverly J. Epstein
Affiliation:
Department of Hospital Epidemiology and the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
Peter A. Hashisaki
Affiliation:
Department of Hospital Epidemiology and the Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah
*
Hospital Epidemiology, Room 6105, University of Utah Hospital, 50 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84132
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Abstract

Substitution of erythromycin ointment for silver nitrate in the prophylaxis of gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum (GON) was accompanied by eight infections in 749 (1.1%) well-born and 21 infections in 285 (7.4%) intensive care infants during an eight-month period. This was significantly higher than previous rates of ophthalmitis during the use of silver nitrate, 0.3% (5/1877) and 2.1% (19/904) for well and intensive care infants, (P<0.01). Multiple bacteria were isolated, polymicrobial infection occurred frequently and the pattern of bacterial isolates did not favor cross-contamination between infants. Observation suggested the frequent unintentional introduction of ungloved fingers into neonatal eyes during attempts to insert erythromycin ointment. Replacement of ophthalmic ointment with a liquid tetracycline preparation resulted in a decrease in non-gonococcal ophthalmitis to rates similar to the baseline period 8/997 (0.8%) for both nurseries. The increased number of infections appear related to the ointment vehicle, difficulty in its application and the mechanical introduction of bacteria. It is inferred that appropriate application of liquid medication also reduced the risk of inadequate prophylaxis.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 5 , Issue 3 , March 1984 , pp. 138 - 141
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1984

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References

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