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Investigating the association of room features with healthcare-facility–onset Clostridioides difficile: An exploratory study

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2020

Elisabeth Dowling Root ,
Megan Lindstrom ,
Amy Xie ,
Julie E. Mangino ,
Susan Moffatt-Bruce  and
Courtney Hebert
Elisabeth Dowling Root*
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Megan Lindstrom
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Amy Xie
Affiliation:
College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Julie E. Mangino
Affiliation:
Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
Susan Moffatt-Bruce
Affiliation:
Royal College of Physician and Surgeons of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Courtney Hebert
Affiliation:
Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
*
Author for correspondence: Elisabeth Dowling Root, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective:

To investigate hospital room and patient-level risk factors associated with increased risk of healthcare-facility–onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI).

Design:

The study used a retrospective cohort design that included patient data from the institution’s electronic health record, existing surveillance data on HO-CDI, and a walk-through survey of hospital rooms to identify potential room-level risk factors. The primary outcome was HO-CDI diagnosis.

Setting:

A large academic medical center.

Patients and participants:

All adult patients admitted between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Prisoners were excluded. Patients who only stayed in rooms that were not surveyed were excluded.

Results:

The hospital room survey collected room-level data on 806 rooms. Included in the study were 17,034 patients without HO-CDI and 251 with HO-CDI nested within 535 unique rooms. In this exploratory study, room-level risk factors associated with the outcome in the multivariate model included wear on furniture and flooring and antibiotic use by the prior room occupant. Hand hygiene devices and fixed in-room computers were associated with reduced odds of a HO-CDI. Differences between hospital buildings were also detected. The only individual patient factors that were associated with increased odds of HO-CDI were antibiotic use and comorbidity score.

Conclusion:

Combining a hospital-room walk-through data collection survey, EHR data, and CDI surveillance data, we were able to develop a model to investigate room and patient-level risks for HO-CDI.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 42 , Issue 7 , July 2021 , pp. 847 - 852
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Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America

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