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Healthcare-Associated Influenza in Canadian Hospitals from 2006 to 2012

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 May 2016

Geoffrey Taylor ,
Robyn Mitchell ,
Allison McGeer ,
Charles Frenette ,
Kathryn N. Suh ,
Alice Wong ,
Kevin Katz ,
Krista Wilkinson ,
Barbara Amihod  and
Denise Gravel
...Show all authors
Geoffrey Taylor*
Affiliation:
University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
Robyn Mitchell
Affiliation:
Public Health Agency of Canada, Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Allison McGeer
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Charles Frenette
Affiliation:
McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Kathryn N. Suh
Affiliation:
Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Alice Wong
Affiliation:
Royal University Hospital, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
Kevin Katz
Affiliation:
North York General Hospital, Ontario, Canada
Krista Wilkinson
Affiliation:
Public Health Agency of Canada, Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Barbara Amihod
Affiliation:
Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Denise Gravel
Affiliation:
Public Health Agency of Canada, Centre for Communicable Diseases and Infection Control, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
*
2D3 05 WMC, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada ([email protected])
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Abstract

Objective.

To determine trends, patient characteristics, and outcome of patients with healthcare-associated influenza in Canadian hospitals.

Design.

Prospective surveillance of laboratory-confirmed influenza among hospitalized adults was conducted from 2006 to 2012. Adults with positive test results at or after admission to the hospital were assessed. Influenza was considered to be healthcare associated if symptom onset was equal to or more than 96 hours after admission to a facility or if a patient was readmitted less than 96 hours after discharge or admitted less than 96 hours after transfer from another facility. Baseline characteristics of influenza patients were collected. Patients were reassessed at 30 days to determine the outcome.

Setting.

Acute care hospitals participating in the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program.

Results.

A total of 570 (17.3%) of 3,299 influenza cases were healthcare associated; 345 (60.5%) were acquired in a long-term care facility (LTCF), and 225 (39.5%) were acquired in an acute care facility (ACF). There was year-to-year variability in the rate and proportion of cases that were healthcare associated and variability in the proportion that were acquired in a LTCF versus an ACF. Patients with LTCF-associated cases were older, had a higher proportion of chronic heart disease, and were less likely to be immunocompromised compared with patients with ACF-associated cases; there was no significant difference in 30-day all-cause and influenza-specific mortality.

Conclusions.

Healthcare-associated influenza is a major component of the burden of disease from influenza in hospitals, but the proportion of cases that are healthcare associated varies markedly from year to year, as does the proportion of healthcare-associated infections that are acquired in an ACF versus an LTCF.

Type
Original Article
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 35 , Issue 2 , February 2014 , pp. 169 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2014

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Footnotes

a

Members of the Canadian Nosocomial Infection Surveillance Program are listed at the end of the text.

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