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Decrease in Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus Colonization After Extensive Renovation of a Unit Dedicated to the Treatment of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 July 2017

Clyde D. Ford ,
Michaela A. Gazdik Stofer ,
Jana Coombs ,
Bert K. Lopansri ,
Brandon J. Webb ,
Gabriela Motyckova  and
Finn Bo Petersen
Clyde D. Ford*
Affiliation:
Intermountain Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
Michaela A. Gazdik Stofer
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah Department of Biology, Utah Valley University, Orem, Utah
Jana Coombs
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
Bert K. Lopansri
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah Division of Infectious diseases, the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Brandon J. Webb
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah Division of Infectious diseases, the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Gabriela Motyckova
Affiliation:
Intermountain Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
Finn Bo Petersen
Affiliation:
Intermountain Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
*
Address correspondence to Clyde D. Ford, MD, Intermountain Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Latter Day Saints Hospital, Eighth Avenue and C Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84143 ([email protected]).
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

While a direct relation between hospital construction and concomitant infection rates has been clearly established, few data are available regarding the environmental decontamination effects of renovation in which surfaces are replaced and regarding subsequent infection incidence.

DESIGN

Retrospective clinical study with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) molecular strain typing and environmental cultures.

SETTING

A regional referral center for acute leukemia and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

PATIENTS

Overall, 536 consecutive hospital admissions for newly diagnosed acute leukemia or a first autologous or allogeneic stem-cell transplantation were reviewed.

INTERVENTION

During 2009–2010, our unit underwent complete remodeling including replacement of all surfaces. We assessed the effects of this construction on the incidence of hospital-acquired VRE colonization before, during, and after the renovation.

RESULTS

We observed a sharp decrease in VRE colonization rates (hazard ratio, <0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.18–0.44; P<.0001) during the first year after the renovation, with a return to near baseline rates thereafter. The known risk factors for VRE colonization appeared to be stable over the study interval. Environmental cultures outside of patient rooms revealed several contaminated areas that are commonly touched by unit personnel. Multilocus sequence typing of VRE isolates that were cryopreserved over the study interval showed that dominant strains prior to construction disappeared and were replaced by other strains after the renovation.

CONCLUSIONS

Unit reconstruction interrupted endemic transmission of VRE, which resumed with novel strains upon reopening. Contamination of environmental surfaces and shared equipment may play an important role in endemic transmission of VRE.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1055–1061

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 38 , Issue 9 , September 2017 , pp. 1055 - 1061
Copyright
© 2017 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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