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Current State of Antimicrobial Stewardship in Children’s Hospital Emergency Departments

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 February 2017

Rakesh D. Mistry ,
Jason G. Newland ,
Jeffrey S. Gerber ,
Adam L. Hersh ,
Larissa May ,
Sarah M. Perman ,
Nathan Kuppermann  and
Peter S. Dayan
Rakesh D. Mistry*
Affiliation:
Section of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
Jason G. Newland
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children’s Hospital, St. Louis, Missouri
Jeffrey S. Gerber
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Adam L. Hersh
Affiliation:
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Utah School of Medicine, Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah
Larissa May
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California–Davis School of Medicine, University of California–Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
Sarah M. Perman
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado
Nathan Kuppermann
Affiliation:
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California–Davis School of Medicine, University of California–Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
Peter S. Dayan
Affiliation:
Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Columbia University of College of Medicine, Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, New York, New York
*
Address correspondence to Rakesh D. Mistry, MD, MS, Associate Professor of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Section of Emergency Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, 13123 E. 16th Ave, Box 251, Aurora, CO 80045 ([email protected]).
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Abstract

BACKGROUND

Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) effectively optimize antibiotic use for inpatients; however, the extent of emergency department (ED) involvement in ASPs has not been described.

OBJECTIVE

To determine current ED involvement in children’s hospital ASPs and to assess beliefs and preferred methods of implementation for ED-based ASPs.

METHODS

A cross-sectional survey of 37 children’s hospitals participating in the Sharing Antimicrobial Resistance Practices collaboration was conducted. Surveys were distributed to ASP leaders and ED medical directors at each institution. Items assessed included beliefs regarding ED antibiotic prescribing, ED prescribing resources, ASP methods used in the ED such as clinical decision support and clinical care guidelines, ED participation in ASP activities, and preferred methods for ED-based ASP implementation.

RESULTS

A total of 36 ASP leaders (97.3%) and 32 ED directors (86.5%) responded; the overall response rate was 91.9%. Most ASP leaders (97.8%) and ED directors (93.7%) agreed that creation of ED-based ASPs was necessary. ED resources for antibiotic prescribing were obtained via the Internet or electronic health records (EHRs) for 29 hospitals (81.3%). The main ASP activities for the ED included production of antibiograms (77.8%) and creation of clinical care guidelines for pneumonia (83.3%). The ED was represented on 3 hospital ASP committees (8.3%). No hospital ASPs actively monitored outpatient ED prescribing. Most ASP leaders (77.8%) and ED directors (81.3%) preferred implementation of ED-based ASPs using clinical decision support integrated into the EHR.

CONCLUSIONS

Although ED involvement in ASPs is limited, both ASP and ED leaders believe that ED-based ASPs are necessary. Many children’s hospitals have the capability to implement ED-based ASPs via the preferred method: EHR clinical decision support.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:469–475

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 38 , Issue 4 , April 2017 , pp. 469 - 475
Copyright
© 2017 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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