Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7czq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T00:26:27.280Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Cephalosporin Antibiotic Agents—I. Considered as a Group

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

T. Donald Marsh
T. Donald Marsh*
Affiliation:
Shenandoah Shared Hospital Services, Harrisonburg, Virginia
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

This review of the cephalosporin antibiotic family will appear in three parts. The first part will provide general information on the cephalosporins as a class, highlighting the history, chemistry, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and the segregation of these agents into “generations.” The second segment will discuss the antimicrobial spectra of activity of the first- and second-generation agents, while the last article will focus on the third-generation and investigational cephalosporins under evaluation.

Despite a confusing, and somewhat overwhelming array of cephalosporin antimicrobial agents presently available to the clinician, more are on the way. Since 1962 and the introduction of cephalothin, the first agent in this family, there has been a constant parade of new cephalosporins from various pharmaceutical manufacturers. Drug manufacturers are attempting to develop a more effective drug with attractive pharmacokinetic features and less toxicity by modifying the basic cephalosporin molecule.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 5 , Issue 10 , October 1984 , pp. 493 - 496
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1984

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Thompson, RL, Wright, AJ: Cephalosporin antibiotics. Mayo Clin Proc 1983;58:79–87.Google ScholarPubMed
2.Nightingale, CH, French, MA, Quintiliani, R: Cephalosporins, in Evans, WE, Schentag, JJ, Jusko, WJ (eds): Applied Pharmacokinetics: Principles of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Spokane, WA, Applied Therapeutics, Inc 1980.Google Scholar
3.Barza, M, Miao, PVW: Cephalosporins. Am J Hosp Pharm 1977;34:621–629.Google ScholarPubMed
4.Quintiliani, R, French, MA, Nightingale, CH: First and second generation cephalosporins. Med Clin North Am 1982;66:183–197.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
5.Neu, HC: The new beta-lactamase stable cephalosporins. Ann Intern Med 1982;97:408–419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
6.Garzone, P, Lyon, J, Yu, VL: Third generation and investigational cephalosporins: Structure-activity relationships and pharmacokinetic review. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1983;17:507–515.Google ScholarPubMed
7.Aoki, H, Okuhara, M: Natural beta-lactam antibiotics. Annu Rev Microbiol 1980;34:159–181.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
8.Fitzgerald, RH, Thompson, RL: Current concepts review: Cephalosporin antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal sepsis. J Bone Joint Surg 1983; 65-A: 1202–1205.Google Scholar
9.Brooks, GF, Barriere, SL: Clinical use of the new beta-lactam antimicrobial drugs. Ann Intern Med 1983;98:530–535.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
10.Nightingale, CH, Greene, DS, Quintiliani, R: Pharmacokinetics and clinical use of cephalosporin antibiotics. J Pharm Sci 1975;64:1899–1927.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
11.Polk, RE: Moxalactam. Drug Intell Clin Pharm 1982;16:104–112.Google ScholarPubMed
12.Reed, MD, Bertino, JS, Aronoff, SC, et al: Evaluation of moxalactam. Clin Pharm 1982;1:124–134.Google ScholarPubMed
13.Klein, JO, Finland, M: The new penicillins. N Engl J Med 1963;269:1019–1024.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
14.Weinstein, L: Antimicrobial agents, in Goodman, LS, Gilman, GA (eds): The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. New York, MacMillan Publishing Co Inc, 1980.Google Scholar
15.Bertino, JS, Speck, WT: The cephalosporin antibiotics. Pediatr Clin North Am 1983;30:17–26.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
16.Tomkins, LS, Falkow, S: The growing problem of bacterial resistance. Drug Ther 1979;4:39–46.Google Scholar
17.Quintiliani, R, Nightingale, CH: Cefazolin. Ann Intern Med 1978;89:650–656.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
18.Rehm, SJ, McHenry, MC: Oral antimicrobial drugs. Med Clin North Am 1983;67:57–98.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
19.Moellering, RC, Swartz, MN: The newer cephalosporins. N Engl J Med 1976;294:24–28.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
20.Smith, BR, LeFrock, JL: Bronchial tree penetration of antibiotics. Chest 1983;83:904–908.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
21.Cunha, BA, Gossling, HR, Pasternak, HS, et al: The penetration characteristics of cefazolin, cephalothin, and cephradine into bone in patients undergoing total hip replacement. J Bone Joint Surg 1977; 59-A:856–859.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
22.Dudley, MN, Quintiliani, R, Nightingale, CH: Review of cefonicid, a long-acting cephalosporin. Clin Pharm 1984;3:23–32.Google ScholarPubMed
23.Lee, F, Pfeffer, M, VanHarken, D, et al: Comparative pharmacokinetics of ceforanide (BL-S786R) and cefazolin in laboratory animals and humans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1980;17:188–192.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
24.Beam, TR: The third generation cephalosporins. Ration Drug Ther 1982;16:1–5.Google Scholar
25.Patel, IH, Chen, S, Parsonnet, M, et al: Pharmacokinetics of ceftriaxone in humans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1981;20:634–641.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
26.Alanis, A, Weinstein, AJ: Adverse reactions associated with the use of oral penicillins and cephalosporins. Med Clin North Am 1983;67:113–129.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
27.Arndt, KA, Jick, H: Rates of cutaneous reactions to drugs: A report from the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. JAMA 1976;235:918–923.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
28.Patterson, R, Anderson, J: Allergic reactions to drugs and biologic agents. JAMA 1982;248:2637–2645.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
29.Calderwood, SB, Moellering, RC: Common adverse effects of antibacterial agents on main organ systems. Surg Clin North Am 1980;60:65–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
30.Spruill, FG, Minette, LJ, Sturner, WQ: Two surgical deaths associated with cephalothin. JAMA 1974;229:440–441.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
31.D'Amore, DL, Watankunakorn, C: Acute febrile reactions due to cephalosporins. Hosp Formul 1982;17:1225–1227.Google Scholar
32.Pakter, RL, Russell, TR, Mielke, CH, et al: Coagulopathy associated with the use of moxalactam. JAMA 1982;248:1100.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
33.Childs, SJ: Bleeding problems. Arch Intern Med 1983;143:183.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
34.Weitekamp, MR, Aber, RC: Prolonged bleeding times and bleeding diathesis associated with moxalactam administration. JAMA 1983;249:69–71.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
35.Drummer, S, Hauser, WE, Remington, JS: Antabuse-like reaction of beta-lactam antibiotics. N Engl J Med 1980;303:1417–1418.Google Scholar
36.Neu, HC, Prince, AS: Interactions between moxalactam and alcohol. Lancet 1980;1:1422.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
37.Portier, H, Chaloprin, JM, Freysz, M, et al: Interaction between cephalosporins and alcohol. Lancet 1980;2:263.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
38.Brown, KR, Guglielmo, BJ, Pons, VG, et al: Theophylline elixir, moxalactam, and a disulfiram reaction. Ann Intern Med 1982;97:621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
39.McMahon, FG: Disulfiram-like reaction to cephalosporins. JAMA 1980;243:2397.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
40.Burton, JR, Lichtenstein, NS, Colvin, RB, et al: Acute renal failure during cephalothin therapy. JAMA 1974;229:679–682.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
41.Tures, JF, Townsend, WF, Rose, HD: Cephalosporin-associated pseudomembraneous colitis. JAMA 1976; 236:948–949.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
42.Bartlett, JG, Willey, SH, Chang, TW, et al: Cephalosporin-associated pseudomembraneous colitis due to Clostridium difficile. JAMA 1979;242:2683–2685.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
43.Donta, ST, Lamps, GM, Summers, RW, et al: Cephalosporin-associated colitis and Clostridium difficile. Arch Intern Med 1980;140:574–576.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
44.Hutcheon, DF, Milligan, FD, Yardley, JH, et al: Cephalosporin-associated pseudomembraneous colitis. Am J DigDis 1978;23:321–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
45.Fee, HJ, Ament, ME, Holmes, EC: Pseudomembraneous colitis associated with cefazolin therapy. Am J Surg 1977;133:247–248.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
46.Carlberg, H, Alestig, K, Nord, CE, et al: Intestinal side effects of cefoperazone. J Antimicrob Chemother 1982;10:483–487.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed