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Microbiological Hazards Related to Xenotransplantation of Porcine Organs Into Man

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Dominic C. Borie ,
Donald V. Cramer ,
Luu Phan-Thanh ,
Jean Christophe Vaillant ,
Jean Louis Bequet ,
Leonard Makowka  and
Laurent Hannoun
Dominic C. Borie
Affiliation:
Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
Donald V. Cramer
Affiliation:
Transplantation Biology Research Laboratory, St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Luu Phan-Thanh
Affiliation:
Infectious Diseases and Immunology, PII, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Nouzilly, France
Jean Christophe Vaillant
Affiliation:
Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
Jean Louis Bequet
Affiliation:
Charles River Laboratories, Saint-Aubin-Les-Elbeuff, France
Leonard Makowka
Affiliation:
Transplantation Biology Research Laboratory, St. Vincent Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
Laurent Hannoun
Affiliation:
Department of Hepato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
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Abstract

Pigs are emerging as the most likely providers of genetically engineered organs and cells for the purpose of clinical xenotransplantation. Introduction of clinical trials has been delayed primarily by uncertainties regarding the risk of swine pathogen transmission that could harm the recipient. The concern that xenotransplantation carries the potential for a new epidemic has been highlighted by recent experiences with both bovine spongiform encephalopathy and human immunodeficiency diseases.

As clinical trials have been postponed and xenotransplantation teams are working actively to gather data for an estimation of the risk, this review provides the reader with a state-of-the-art estimation of the microbiological hazards related to xenotransplantation of porcine organs to man. Particular emphasis is put on viral and retroviral hazards. Both current diagnostic tools and those under development are described, along with breeding strategies to provide donor animals that would not put the recipient or the general population at risk

Type
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 19 , Issue 5 , May 1998 , pp. 355 - 365
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 1998

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