Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-gb8f7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-01T01:43:22.730Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Activity of an Alcohol-Based Hand Gel Against Human Adeno-, Rhino-, and Rotaviruses Using the Fingerpad Method

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 January 2015

Syed A. Sattar ,
Makonnen Abebe ,
Angela J. Bueti ,
Hanuman Jampani ,
Jerry Newman  and
Steven Hua
Syed A. Sattar*
Affiliation:
Centre for Research on Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Makonnen Abebe
Affiliation:
Centre for Research on Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Angela J. Bueti
Affiliation:
Centre for Research on Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Hanuman Jampani
Affiliation:
Johnson & Johnson Medical, Division of Ethicon, Inc, Arlington, Texas
Jerry Newman
Affiliation:
Johnson & Johnson Medical, Division of Ethicon, Inc, Arlington, Texas
Steven Hua
Affiliation:
Johnson & Johnson Medical, Division of Ethicon, Inc, Arlington, Texas
*
Centre for Research on Environmental Microbiology (CREM), Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8M5, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Objective:

To assess the activity against three non-enveloped viruses (an adeno-, a rhino- and a rotavirus) of a gel containing 60% ethanol, using experimentally contaminated thumb- and fingerpads of 12 panelists, as per standard procedure E-1838-96 of the American Society of Testing and Materials.

Design:

Each digit received 10 μL of the test virus suspension. The inocuLum from the thumbs was eluted immediately with 990 μL of Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) to assess the amount of virus on each digit (0-minute control). The inoculum on the fingers was allowed to dry (20-25 minutes), and virus was eluted from two fingerpads to determine the loss in virus infectivity upon drying (baseline titer). Then the dried inoculum on randomly selected fingers was exposed to 1 mL of the test product or standard hard water (200-ppm calcium carbonate) for 20 seconds. The virus remaining was eluted with 1 mL of EBSS, titrated to determine the amounts eliminated, and compared to the baseline titer.

Results:

Each digit received at least 104 plaque-forming units of virus in 10 μL The amounts of adeno-, rhino-, and rotaviruses surviving the drying were 30%, 75%, and 42%, respectively. The product reduced the infectivity titers of the three viruses by 3 to >4 log10 when compared to a reduction of ≤ 1 log10 for the hard-water rinse.

Conclusion:

The level of virus reduction by gel was statistically significantly higher than that seen with the water control. Evidence for such activity against non-enveloped viruses supports further investigation of the benefits of this product.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 21 , Issue 8 , August 2000 , pp. 516 - 519
Copyright
Copyright © The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America 2000

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1.Springthorpe, VS, Sattar, SA. Handwashing: product and technique comparisons. Infect Control Sterilization Tech 1996;2:19–22.Google Scholar
2.Horwitz, SM. Adenoviruses. In: Fields, BN, Knipe, DM, Howley, PM, eds. Fields Virology. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Lippincott-Raven; 1996:2149–2171.Google Scholar
3.Foy, HM. Adenoviruses. In: Evans, AS, Kaslow, RA, eds. Viral Infections of Humans. 4th ed. New York, NY: Plenum Medicals; 1997:119–138.Google Scholar
4.Couch, RB. Rhinoviruses. In: Fields, BN, Knipe, DM, Howley, PM, eds. Fields Virology. Raven Press, NY: Lippincott-Raven; 1990:607–629.Google Scholar
5.Gwaltney, JM. Rhinoviruses. In: Evans, AS, Kaslow, RA eds. Viral Infections of Humans. New York, NY: Plenum Publishing Corp; 1989:539–615.Google Scholar
6.Ansari, SA, Springthorpe, VS, Sattar, SA, Rivard, S, Rahman, M. Potential role of hands in the spread of respiratory viral infections: studies with human Parainfluenzavirus 3 and rhinovirus 14. J Clin Microbiol 1991;29:2115–2119.Google Scholar
7.Hendley, JO, Wenzel, RP, Gwaltney, JM. Transmission of rhinovirus colds by self-inoculation. N Engl J Med 1973;288:1361–1364.Google Scholar
8.Hendley, O, Gwaltney, JM Jr. Mechanisms of transmission of rhinovirus infections. Epidemiol Rev 1988;10:242–258.Google Scholar
9.Gwaltney, JM Jr, Moskalski, PB, Hendley, JO. Interruption of experimental rhinovirus transmission. J Infect Dis 1980;142:811–815.Google Scholar
10.Kapikian, ZA, Chanock, MR. Rotaviruses. In: Fields, BN, Knipe, DM, Howley, PM, eds. Fields Virology. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Lippincott-Raven; 1996:1657–1708.Google Scholar
11.Ansari, SA, Sattar, SA, Springthorpe, VS, Wells, GA, Tostowaryk, W. Rotavirus survival on human hands and transfer of infectious virus to animate and nonporous inanimate surfaces. J Clin Microbiol 1988;26:1513–1518.Google Scholar
12.Ansari, SA, Sattar, SA, Springthorpe, VS, Wells, GATostowaryk, W. In vivo protocol for testing the efficacy of hand-washing agents against viruses and bacteria: experiments with human rotavirus and Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 1989;55:3113–3118.Google Scholar
13.American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM). Standard test method to determine the virus-eliminating effectiveness of liquid hygienic handwash agents using the fingerpads of adult panelists. Designation: E-1838-96. West Conshohocken, PAASTM; 1996.Google Scholar
14.Holland, BS, Copenhaver, MD. An improved sequentially rejective Bonferroni test procedure. Biometrics 1897;43:417–424.Google Scholar
15.Hobson, DW, Woller, W, Anderson, N, Guthery, E. Development and evaluation of a new alcohol-based surgical hand scrub formulation with persistent antimicrobial characteristic and brushless application. Am J Infect Control 1998;26:507–512.Google Scholar
16.Larson, EL. APIC guidelines for handwashing and hand antisepsis in health care settings. Am J Infect Control 1995;23:251–269.Google Scholar
17.Sattar, SA, Springthorpe, VS. Transmission of viral infections through animate and inanimate surfaces and infection control through chemical disinfection. In: Hurst, CJ, ed. Modeling Disease Transmission and its Prevention by Disinfection. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 1996:224–257.Google Scholar