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Active Surveillance for Influenza Reduces but Does Not Eliminate Hospital Exposure to Patients With Influenza

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 January 2017

Brenda L. Coleman ,
Wil Ng ,
Vinaya Mahesh ,
Maja McGuire ,
Kazi Hassan ,
Karen Green ,
Shelly McNeil ,
Allison J. McGeer  and
Kevin Katz
Brenda L. Coleman
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Wil Ng
Affiliation:
North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Vinaya Mahesh
Affiliation:
North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Maja McGuire
Affiliation:
North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kazi Hassan
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Karen Green
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Shelly McNeil
Affiliation:
Canadian Center for Vaccinology, IWK Health Center and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
Allison J. McGeer
Affiliation:
Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Kevin Katz*
Affiliation:
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada North York General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
*
Address correspondence to Dr Kevin Katz, North York General Hospital, 4001 Leslie Street, Toronto, ON M2K 1E1 ([email protected]).
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To describe the frequency, characteristics, and exposure associated with influenza in hospitalized patients in a Toronto hospital

DESIGN/METHOD

Prospective data collected for consenting patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza and a retrospective review of infection control charts for roommates of cases over 3 influenza seasons

RESULTS

Of the 661 patients with influenza (age range: 1 week–103 years), 557 were placed on additional precautions upon admission. Of 104 with symptoms detected after admission, 57 cases were community onset and 47 were nosocomial (10 nosocomial were part of outbreaks). A total of 78 cases were detected after admission exposing 143 roommates. Among roommates tested for influenza after exposure, no roommates of community-onset cases and 2 of 16 roommates of nosocomial cases were diagnosed with influenza. Of 637 influenza-infected patients, 25% and 57% met influenza-like illness definitions from the Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), respectively, and 70.3% met the Provincial Infectious Diseases Advisory Committee (PIDAC) febrile respiratory illness definition. Among the 56 patients with community-onset influenza detected after admission, only 13%, 23%, and 34%, met PHAC, CDC, and PIDAC classifications, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

In a setting with extensive screening and testing for influenza, 1 in 6 patients with influenza was not diagnosed until patients and healthcare workers had been exposed for >24 hours. Only 30% of patients with community-onset influenza detected after admission met the Ontario definition intended to identify cases, hampering efforts to prevent patient and healthcare worker exposures and reinforcing the need for prevention through vaccination.

Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:387–392

Type
Original Articles
Information
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology , Volume 38 , Issue 4 , April 2017 , pp. 387 - 392
Copyright
© 2017 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved 

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Footnotes

*

Authors of equal contribution.

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