Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-23T19:19:37.986Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Pandemics: Implications for research and practice in industrial and organizational psychology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 May 2021

Cort W. Rudolph Open the ORCID record for Cort W. Rudolph [Opens in a new window] ,
Blake Allan ,
Malissa Clark ,
Guido Hertel ,
Andreas Hirschi ,
Florian Kunze ,
Kristen Shockley ,
Mindy Shoss ,
Sabine Sonnentag  and
Hannes Zacher
Cort W. Rudolph*
Affiliation:
Saint Louis University
Blake Allan
Affiliation:
Purdue University
Malissa Clark
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Guido Hertel
Affiliation:
University of Münster
Andreas Hirschi
Affiliation:
University of Bern
Florian Kunze
Affiliation:
University of Konstanz
Kristen Shockley
Affiliation:
University of Georgia
Mindy Shoss
Affiliation:
University of Central Florida
Sabine Sonnentag
Affiliation:
University of Mannheim
Hannes Zacher
Affiliation:
Leipzig University
*
*Corresponding author. Email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Pandemics have historically shaped the world of work in various ways. With COVID-19 presenting as a global pandemic, there is much speculation about the implications of this crisis for the future of work and for people working in organizations. In this article, we discuss 10 of the most relevant research and practice topics in the field of industrial and organizational psychology that will likely be strongly influenced by COVID-19. For each of these topics, the pandemic crisis is creating new work-related challenges, but it is also presenting various opportunities. The topics discussed herein include occupational health and safety, work–family issues, telecommuting, virtual teamwork, job insecurity, precarious work, leadership, human resources policy, the aging workforce, and careers. This article sets the stage for further discussion of various ways in which I-O psychology research and practice can address the issues that COVID-19 creates for work and organizational processes that are affecting workers now and will shape the future of work and organizations in both the short and long term. This article concludes by inviting I-O psychology researchers and practitioners to address the challenges and opportunities of COVID-19 head-on by proactively adapting the work that we do in support of workers, organizations, and society as a whole.

Keywords

pandemiccrisisnovel coronavirusCOVID-19SARS-CoV-2
Type
Focal Article
Information
Industrial and Organizational Psychology , Volume 14 , Special Issue 1-2: Special Pandemic Issue , June 2021 , pp. 1 - 35
Copyright
© Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. 2021.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Cort W. Rudolph, Department of Psychology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA. Blake Allan, College of Education, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. Malissa Clark, Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. Guido Hertel, Department of Psychology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany. Andreas Hirschi, Department of Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Florian Kunze, Chair for Organisational Studies, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany. Kristen Shockley, Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA. Mindy Shoss, Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA. Sabine Sonnentag, Department of Psychology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany. Hannes Zacher, Institute of Psychology–Wilhelm Wundt, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.

Mindy Shoss’ contribution to this publication was supported by grant number T42OH008438, funded by the National Institute Occupational Safety and Health (NI-OSH) under the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NI-OSH or CDC or the Department of Health and Human Services.

Author order was determined alphabetically (excluding the first author).

References

Abedin, A. (2020, April 20). Finding jobs and building careers in the age of COVID-19 and beyond. Entrepreneur. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/349473 Google Scholar
Acton, B. P., Foti, R. J., Lord, R. G., & Gladfelter, J. A. (2019). Putting emergence back in leadership emergence: A dynamic, multilevel, process-oriented framework. Leadership Quarterly, 30(1), 145–164. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.07.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adams, J. G., & Walls, R. M. (2020). Supporting the health care workforce during the COVID-19 global epidemic. JAMA, 323(15), 1439–1440. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3972 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Adams, K. (2020, May 4). COVID-19 has some older workers rethinking retirement. Marketplace. https://www.marketplace.org/2020/05/04/covid-19-has-some-older-workers-rethinking-retirement/ Google Scholar
Adler, A. B., Adrian, A. L., Hemphill, M., Scaro, N. H., Sipos, M. L., & Thomas, J. L. (2017). Professional stress and burnout in US military medical personnel deployed to Afghanistan. Military Medicine, 182, e1669–e1676. doi: 10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00154 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adler, A. B., Bliese, P. D., McGurk, D., Hoge, C. W., & Castro, C. A. (2011). Battlemind debriefing and battlemind training as early interventions with soldiers returning from Iraq: Randomization by platoon. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77, 928–940. doi: 10.1037/a0016877 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Agars, M. D., & French, K. A. (2016). Considering underrepresented populations in work–family research. In Allen, T. and Eby, L. (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of work and family (pp. 362–375). Oxford Press.Google Scholar
Akkermans, J., Richardson, J., & Kraimer, M. (2020). The COVID-19 crisis as a career shock: Implications for careers and vocational behavior. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103434. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103434 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Akkermans, J., Seibert, S. E., & Mol, S. T. (2018). Tales of the unexpected: Integrating career shocks in the contemporary careers literature. SA Journal of Industrial Psychology, 44(1), 1–10. doi: 10.4102/sajip.v44i0.1503 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ali, S. S. (2020, March 27). As parents fight on COVID-19 front lines, volunteers step in to take care of their families. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/parents-fight-covid-19-frontlines-volunteers-step-take-care-their-n1169931 Google Scholar
Allen, J., Almukhtar, S., Aufrichtig, A., Barnard, A., Bloch, M., Cahalan, S., Cai, W., Calderone, J., Collins, K., Conlen, M., Cook, L., Gianordoli, G., Harmon, A., Harris, R., Hassan, A., Huang, J., Issawi, D., Ivory, D., Lai, K., … Yourish, K. (2020, March 17). Coronavirus map: Tracking the spread of the outbreak. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/world/coronavirus-maps.html Google Scholar
Allen, T. D., Golden, T. D., & Shockley, K. M. (2015). How effective is telecommuting? Assessing the status of our scientific findings. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 16, 40–68. doi: 10.1177/1529100615593273 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Anderson, R. M., Heesterbeek, H., Klinkenberg, D., & Hollingsworth, T. D. (2020). How will country-based mitigation measures influence the course of the COVID-19 epidemic? Lancet, 395(10228), 931–934. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30567-5 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ashforth, B. E., Kreiner, G. E., & Fugate, M. (2000). All in a day’s work: Boundaries and micro role transitions. Academy of Management Review, 25, 472–491. doi: 10.5465/amr.2000.3363315 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Avery, C., & Zabel, D. (2001). The flexible workplace: A sourcebook of information and research. Quorum Books.Google Scholar
Ayalon, L. (2020). There is nothing new under the sun: Ageism and intergenerational tension in the age of the COVID-19 outbreak. International Psychogeriatrics, 32(10), 1221–1224. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610220000575 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ayalon, L., Chasteen, A., Diehl, M., Levy, B. R., Neupert, S. D., Rothermund, K., Tesch-Römer, C., & Wahl, H.-W. (2020). Aging in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: Avoiding ageism and fostering intergenerational solidarity. Journals of Gerontology: Series B, Article gbaa051. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaa051 Google Scholar
Backman, M. (2020, April 25). Is COVID-19 destroying work-life balance? Motley Fool. https://www.fool.com/careers/2020/04/25/is-covid-19-destroying-work-life-balance.aspx Google Scholar
Bailenson, J. (2018). Experience on demand. What virtual reality is, how it works, and what it can do. W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Bakker, A. B., & Costa, P. L. (2014). Chronic job burnout and daily functioning: A theoretical analysis. Burnout Research, 1, 112–119. doi: 10.1016/j.burn.2014.04.003 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Sanz-Vergel, A. I. (2014). Burnout and work engagement: The JD-R approach. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 1, 389–411. doi: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-031413-091235 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baltes, P. B., Reese, H. W., & Lipsitt, L. P. (1980). Life-span developmental psychology. Annual Review of Psychology, 31, 65–110. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.31.020180.000433 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Batalla-Busquets, J. M., & Martínez-Argüelles, M. J. (2014). Determining factors in online training in companies. International Journal of Management Education, 12(2), 68–79. doi: 10.1016/j.ijme.2014.01.002 Google Scholar
Batt, R., & Valcour, P. M. (2003). Human resources practices as predictors of work–family outcomes and employee turnover. Industrial Relations, 42, 189–220. doi: 10.1111/1468.232X.00287 Google Scholar
Belsky, J., & Pluess, M. (2009). Beyond diathesis stress: Differential susceptibility to environmental influences. Psychological Bulletin, 135(6), 885–908. doi. 10.1037/a0017376 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Benach, J., Vives, A., Amable, M., Vanroelen, C., Tarafa, G., & Muntaner, C. (2014). Precarious employment: Understanding an emerging social determinant of health. Annual Review of Public Health, 35, 229–253. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182500 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bhattarai, A., & Whoriskey, P. (2020, March 9). Companies are putting out hand sanitizer. But for years, many have campaigned against sick pay. Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/03/09/sick-leave-coronavirus/ Google Scholar
Bliese, P. D., Schepker, D. J., Essman, S. M., & Ployhart, R. E. (2020). Bridging methodological divides between macro- and microresearch: Endogeneity and methods for panel data. Journal of Management, 46, 70–99. doi: 10.1177/0149206319868016 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blustein, D. L., Duffy, R., Ferreira, J. A., Cohen-Scali, V., Cinamon, R. G., & Allan, B. A. (2020). Unemployment in the time of COVID-19: A research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103436. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103436 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bohlmann, C., Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2018). Methodological recommendations to move research on work and aging forward. Work, Aging and Retirement, 4(3), 225–237. doi. 10.1093/workar/wax023 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breuer, C., Hüffmeier, J., & Hertel, G. (2016). Does trust matter more in virtual teams? A meta-analysis of trust and team effectiveness considering virtuality and documentation as moderators. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101, 1151–1177.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Breuer, C., Hüffmeier, J., Hibben, F., & Hertel, G. (2019). Trust in teams: A taxonomy of perceived trustworthiness factors and risk-taking behaviors in face-to-face and virtual teams. Human Relations, 73(1), 3–34. doi: 10.1177/0018726718818721 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brewer, A. M. (2000). Work design for flexible scheduling: Barriers and gender implications. Gender, Work, and Organizations, 7(1), 33–44. doi: 10.1111/1468-0432.00091 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brockner, J. (2006). Why it’s so hard to be fair. Harvard Business Review, 84(3), 122–129.Google ScholarPubMed
Brooks, S. K., Dunn, R., Amlôt, R., Rubin, G. J., & Greenberg, N. (2018). A systematic, thematic review of social and occupational factors associated with psychological outcomes in healthcare employees during an infectious disease outbreak. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 60, 248–257. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001235 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). (2018). Contingent and alternative employment arrangements summary. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/conemp.nr0.htm Google Scholar
Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). (2019). Economic news release. https://www.bls.gov/news.release/atus.t06.htm Google Scholar
Byron, K. (2005). A meta-analytic review of work–family conflict and its antecedents. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 62, 169–198. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2004.08.009 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cappelli, P., & Keller, J. (2013). Classifying work in the new economy. Academy of Management Review, 38(4), 575–596. doi: 10.5465/amr.2011.0302 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlson, D. S., Kacmar, K. M., & Williams, L. J. (2000). Construction and initial validation of a multidimensional measure of work–family conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 56, 249–276. doi: 10.1006/jvbe.1999.1713 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlsson, R. [RickCarlsson]. (2020, May 13). This paper is at least interesting in identifying interesting areas and questions that can be investigated through systematic reviews instead of this expert opinion piece. Anyone who thinks this is important should do that and present the evidence for each question [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/RickCarlsson/status/1260661040058183681 Google Scholar
Casselman, B., Cohen, P., & Hsu, T. (2020). “It’s a wreck”: 3.3 million file unemployment claims as economy comes apart. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/business/economy/coronavirus-unemployment-claims.html Google Scholar
Centers for Disease Control (2020, March, 16). Severe outcomes among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)—United States, February 12–March 16, 2020. Centers for Disease Control. https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6912e2.htm#contribAff CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cho, E. (2020). Examining boundaries to understand the impact of COVID-19 on vocational behaviors. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103437. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103437 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Clay, K. (2020, March, 25). Pandemics and the labor market—then and now. IZA World of Labor. https://wol.iza.org/opinions/pandemics-and-the-labor-market-then-and-now Google Scholar
Cleary, M., Kornhaber, R., Thapa, D. K., West, S., & Visentin, D. (2018). The effectiveness of interventions to improve resilience among health professionals: A systematic review. Nurse Education Today, 71, 247–263. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2018.10.002 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohn, S. (2007). After the Black Death: Labour legislation and attitudes towards labour in late-medieval Western Europe. Economic History Review, 60(3), 457–485. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0289.2006.00368.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Copaken, D. (2020, May 12). I got fired over zoom. Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2020/05/fired-zoom-layoffs-coronavirus/611509/ Google Scholar
Cox, J. (2020a, March 26). Jobless claims soar past 3 million to record high. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/26/weekly-jobless-claims.html Google Scholar
Cox, J. (2020b, March 30). Coronavirus job losses could total 47 million, unemployment rate may hit 32%, Fed estimates. CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/30/coronavirus-job-losses-could-total-47-million-unemployment-rate-of-32percent-fed-says.html Google Scholar
Dai, H., Milkman, K. L., Hofmann, D. A., & Staats, B. R. (2015). The impact of time at work and time off from work on rule compliance: The case of hand hygiene in health care. Journal of Applied Psychology, 100, 846–862. doi: 10.1037/a0038067 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Day, D. V., & Dragoni, L. (2015). Leadership development: An outcome-oriented review based on time and levels of analyses. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 2, 133–156. doi: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032414-111328 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Boer, J. C., Lok, A., van’t Verlaat, E., Duivenvoorden, H. J., Bakker, A. B., & Smit, B. J. (2011). Work-related critical incidents in hospital-based health care providers and the risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression: A meta-analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 73, 316–326. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.05.009 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
De Sousa, M. J. C., & van Dierendonck, D. (2014). Servant leadership and engagement in a merge process under high uncertainty. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 27(6), 877–899. doi: 10.1108/JOCM-07-2013-0133 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Witte, H. (2016). On the scarring effects of job insecurity (and how they can be explained). Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 42(2), 99–102. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3545 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
DeRue, D. S., Nahrgang, J. D., Wellman, N., & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and behavioral theories of leadership: An integration and meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 7–52. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01201.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dietz, C., Zacher, H., Scheel, T., Otto, K., & Rigotti, T. (2020). Leaders as role models: Effects of leader presenteeism on employee presenteeism and sick leave. Work & Stress, 34(3), 300–322. doi: 10.1080/02678373.2020.1728420 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Duffy, K. (2020, April 16). What to do: Contemplating staffing plans amid an evolving health crisis. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbeshumanresourcescouncil/2020/04/16/what-to-do-contemplating-staffing-plans-amid-an-evolving-health-crisis/ Google Scholar
Eby, L. T., Mitchell, M., & Zimmerman, L. (2016). Work and family in times of crisis. In Allen, T. and Eby, L. (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of work and family (pp. 417–430). Oxford Press.Google Scholar
Escrit, T. (2020, March 20). German unemployment could top three million in worst coronavirus case. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-germany-labour-mar/german-unemployment-could-top-three-million-in-worst-coronavirus-case-institute-idUSKBN21714A Google Scholar
Ezzedeen, S. R., & Swiercz, P. M. (2007). Development and initial validation of a cognitive-based work-nonwork conflict scale. Psychological Reports, 100, 979–999. doi: 10.2466/pr0.100.3.979-999 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ferrazzi, K. (2020, April 14). The key to managing teams you can’t see: Make everyone accountable to each other. Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/90489894/the-key-to-managing-teams-you-cant-see-make-everyone-accountable-to-each-other Google Scholar
Fouad, N. A. (2020). Editor in chief’s introduction to essays on the impact of COVID-19 on work and workers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103441. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103441 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Freeman, J. (2020, April 7). Pandemics can mean strike wave. Jacobin. https://www.jacobinmag.com/2020/04/coronavirus-pandemic-strike-wave-spanish-flu Google Scholar
Freistadt, J., & Strohschein, L. (2013). Family structure differences in family functioning interactive effects of social capital and family structure. Journal of Family Issues, 34, 952–974.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
French, K. A., Dumani, S., Allen, T. A., & Shockley, K. M. (2018). A meta-analysis of work–family conflict and social support. Psychological Bulletin, 144, 284–314. doi: 10.1037/bul0000120 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
French, K. A., & Shockley, K. M. (2020). Formal and informal supports for managing work and family. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 29, 207–216.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, S. D., & Westring, A. F. (2020, March 10). How working parents can prepare for coronavirus closures. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2020/03/how-working-parents-can-prepare-for-coronavirus-closures Google Scholar
Gajendran, R. S., & Harrison, D. A. (2007). The good, the bad, and the unknown about telecommuting: Meta-analysis of psychological mediators and individual consequences. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 1524–1541. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1524 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gajendran, R. S., Harrison, D. A., & Delaney-Klinger, K. (2015). Are telecommuters remotely good citizens? Unpacking telecommuting’s effects on performance via I-deals and job resources. Personnel Psychology, 68(2), 353–393. doi: 10.1111/peps.12082 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gates, B. (2020). Responding to COVID-19—a once-in-a-century pandemic? New England Journal of Medicine, 382(18), 1677–1679. doi: 10.1056/NEJMp2003762 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Geister, S., Konradt, U., & Hertel, G. (2006). Effects of process feedback on motivation, satisfaction and performance in virtual teams. Small Group Research, 37, 459–489.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerpott, F. H., Lehmann-Willenbrock, N., Voelpel, S. C., & Van Vugt, M. (2019). It’s not just what is said, but when it’s said: A temporal account of verbal behaviors and emergent leadership in self-managed teams. Academy of Management Journal, 62(3), 717–738. doi: 10.5465/amj.2017.0149 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gibson, C. (2020). From “social distancing” to “care in connecting”: An emerging organizational research agenda for turbulent times. Academy of Management Discoveries, 6(2), 165–169. https://doi.org/10.5465/amd.2020.0062 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glikson, E., & Woolley, A. W. (2020). Human trust in artificial intelligence: Review of empirical research. Academy of Management Annals, 14(2), 627–660. https://doi.org/10.5465/annals.2018.0057 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Greenhaus, J. H., Allen, T. D., & Spector, P. E. (2006). Health consequences of work–family conflict: The dark side of the work–family interface. Perrewé, In P. L. & Ganster, D. C. (Eds.), Research in occupational stress and well being, Vol. 6 (pp. 61–98). JAI Press/Elsevier.Google Scholar
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of Management Review, 10, 76–88. doi: 10.5465/amr.1985.4277352 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gregg, P., & Tominey, E. (2005). The wage scar from male youth unemployment. Labour Economics, 12(4), 487–509. doi: 10.1016/j.labeco.2005.05.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guan, Y., Deng, H., & Zhou, X. (2020). Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on career development: Insights from cultural psychology. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103438. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103438 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Guegan, J., Nelson, J., & Lubart, T. I. (2017). The relationship between contextual cues in virtual environments and creative processes. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 20, 202–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hall, D. T. (2002). Careers in and out of organizations. SAGE Publications.Google Scholar
Hall, D. T. (2004). The protean career: A quarter-century journey. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(1), 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2003.10.006 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Han, K. M., Chang, J., Won, E., Lee, M. S., & Ham, B. J. (2017). Precarious employment associated with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in adult wage workers. Journal of Affective Disorders, 218, 201–209. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.049 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Haslam, S. A., Reicher, S. D., & Platow, M. J. (2011). The new psychology of leadership: Identity, influence and power. Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Hellgren, J., Sverke, M., & Isaksson, K. (1999). A two-dimensional approach to job insecurity: Consequences for employee attitudes and well-being. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8(2), 179–195. doi: 10.1080/135943299398311 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hertel, G., Geister, S., & Konradt, U. (2005). Managing virtual teams: A review of current empirical research. Human Resource Management Review, 15, 69–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hertel, G., Konradt, U., & Orlikowski, B. (2004). Managing distance by interdependence: Goal setting, task interdependence, and team-based rewards in virtual teams. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 13, 1–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hertel, G., Nohe, C., Wessolowski, K., Meltz, O., Pape, J., Fink, J., & Hüffmeier, J. (2018). Effort gains in occupational teams: The effects of social competition and social indispensability. Frontiers in Psychology. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00769.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hertel, G., Stone, D., Johnson, R., & Passmore, J. (2017). The psychology of the Internet at work. In Hertel, G., Stone, D., Johnson, R., & Passmore, J. (Eds.), The Wiley Blackwell handbook of the psychology of the Internet at work (pp. 1–18). Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hertel, G., & Zacher, H. (2018). Managing the aging workforce. In Ones, D. S., Anderson, N., Viswesvaran, C., & Sinangil, H. K. (Eds.), The SAGE handbook of industrial, work and organizational psychology Vol. 3 (2nd ed., pp. 39–428). Sage.Google Scholar
Hirschi, A. (2012). The career resources model: An integrative framework for career counsellors. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling, 40(4), 369–383. doi: 10.1080/03069885.2012.700506 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirschi, A., Steiner, R., Burmeister, A., & Johnston, C. S. (2020). A whole-life perspective of sustainable careers: The nature and consequences of nonwork orientations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 117, Article 103319. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2019.103319 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoch, J. E., & Kozlowski, S. W. (2014). Leading virtual teams: Hierarchical leadership, structural supports, and shared team leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 99, 390–403. doi: 10.1037/a0030264 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hornung, S., Rousseau, D. M., & Glaser, J. (2008). Creating flexible work arrangements through idiosyncratic deals. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 655–664. doi: 10.1037/0021-9010.93.3.655 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hulin, C. L. (2002). Lessons from industrial and organizational psychology. In Brett, J. M. & Drasgow, F. (Eds.), The psychology of work (pp. 19–38). Psychology Press.Google Scholar
IJzerman, H., Lewis, N. A. Jr, Weinstein, N., DeBruine, L. M., Ritchie, S. J., Vazire, S., Forscher, P., Morey, R., Ivory, J., Anvari, F., & Przybylski, A. K. (2020, April 27). Psychological science is not yet a crisis-ready discipline. PsyArXiv. doi: 10.31234/osf.io/whds4 Google ScholarPubMed
Inman, P. (2020, April 29). Half of world’s workers at immediate risk of losing livelihood due to coronavirus. Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/apr/29/half-of-worlds-workers-at-immediate-risk-of-losing-livelihood-due-to-coronavirus Google Scholar
International Labour Organization (ILO). (2020). World employment and social outlook: Trends 2020. https://www.ilo.org/global/research/global-reports/weso/2020/lang--en/index.htm Google Scholar
Jacobs, A., Richtel, M., & Baker, M. (2020, March 19). “At war with no ammo”: Doctors say shortage of protective gear is dire. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/19/health/coronavirus-masks-shortage.html Google Scholar
James, E. H., Wooten, L. P., & Dushek, K. (2011). Crisis management: Informing a new leadership research agenda. Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 455–493. doi: 10.5465/19416520.2011.589594 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jiang, I. (2020, March 31). From Walmart to Burger King’s parent company, these 14 retail companies are changing their benefits policies amid the coronavirus pandemic. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/coronavirus-changes-walmart-starbucks-employee-benefits-2020-3 Google Scholar
Jiang, L., & Lavaysse, L. M. (2018). Cognitive and affective job insecurity: A meta-analysis and a primary study. Journal of Management, 44(6), 2307–2342. doi: 10.1177/0149206318773853 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Job Quality Index (JQI). (2020). JQI statement on COVID-19 impact. https://www.jobqualityindex.com/ Google Scholar
Kalleberg, A. L. (2009). Precarious work, insecure workers: Employment relations in transition. American Sociological Review, 74(1), 1–22. doi: 10.1177/000312240907400101 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kalleberg, A. L., & Vallas, S. P. (2017). Probing precarious work: Theory, research, and politics. In Kalleberg, A. & Vallas, S. (Eds.), Precarious work (pp. 1–30). Emerald Publishing Limited.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kantamneni, N. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marginalized populations in the United States: A research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103439. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103439 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Katz, L. F., & Krueger, A. B. (2019). The rise and nature of alternative work arrangements in the United States, 1995–2015. ILR Review, 72(2), 382–416. doi: 10.1177/0019793918820008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirkman, B. L., & Mathieu, J. E. (2005). The dimensions and antecedents of team virtuality. Journal of Management, 31, 700–718.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kochhar, R., & Passel, J. S. (2020, May 6). Telework may save U.S. jobs in COVID-19 downturn, especially among college graduates. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/05/06/telework-may-save-u-s-jobs-in-covid-19-downturn-especially-among-college-graduates/ Google Scholar
Kossek, E. E., Lautsch, B. A., & Eaton, S. C. (2006). Telecommuting, control, and boundary management: Correlates of policy use and practice, job control, and work–family effectiveness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 347–367. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2005.07.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramer, A., & Kramer, K. Z. (2020). The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on occupational status, work from home, and occupational mobility. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103442. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103442 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lagarde, C. (2020, March 19). Our response to the coronavirus emergency. European Central Bank. ˜https://www.ecb.europa.eu/press/blog/date/2020/html/ecb.blog200319˜11f421e25e.en.html Google Scholar
Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Wu, J., Du, H., Che, T., Li, R., Tan, H., Kang, L., Yao, L., Huang, M., Wang, H., Wang, G., Liu, Z., & Hu, S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Network Open, 3(3), e203976–e203976. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Landers, R. N. (Ed.). (2019). The Cambridge handbook of technology and employee behavior. Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Langer, G. (2020, March 27). Coronavirus impacts: Disrupted lives, elevated stress and soaring worry. ABC News. https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/coronavirus-impacts-disrupted-lives-elevated-stress-soaring-worry/story?id=69812058 Google Scholar
Larson, L., & DeChurch, L. A. (2020). Leading teams in the digital age: Four perspectives on technology and what they mean for leading teams. Leadership Quarterly, 31(1), Article 101377. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.101377 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lee, C., Huang, G. H., & Ashford, S. J. (2018). Job insecurity and the changing workplace: Recent developments and the future trends in job insecurity research. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 5, 335–359. doi: 10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104651 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lee, S. M., Kang, W. S., Cho, A.-R., Kim, T., & Park, J. K. (2018). Psychological impact of the 2015 MERS outbreak on hospital workers and quarantined hemodialysis patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 87, 123–127. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.10.003 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Lent, R. W., & Brown, S. D. (2019). Social cognitive career theory at 25: Empirical status of the interest, choice, and performance models. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 115, Article 103316. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2019.06.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, H. (2020, March 19). The coronavirus is a disaster for feminism. Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/03/feminism-womens-rights-coronavirus-covid19/608302/ Google Scholar
Lindberg, C., Norstrand, P., Munger, M., DeMarsico, C., & Buscell, P. (2009). Letting go, gaining control: Positive deviance and MRSA prevention. Clinical Leader, 2, 60–67.Google Scholar
MacDermid Wadsworth, S. M. (2010). Family risk and resilience in the context of war and terrorism. Journal of Marriage and Family, 72, 537–556. doi: 10.1111/j.1741-3737.2010.00717.x CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56, 227–238. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.227 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maunder, R. G., Lancee, W. J., Balderson, K. E., Bennett, J. P., Borgundvaag, B., Evans, S., Fernandes, C. M. B., Goodman, D. S., Gupta, M., Hunter, J. J., Hall, L. M., Nagle, L. M., Payne, C., Peczeniuk, S. S., Raymond, G., Read, N., Rourke, S. B., Steinberg, R., Stewart, T. E., … Wasylenki, D. A. (2006). Long-term psychological and occupational effects of providing hospital healthcare during SARS outbreak. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 12, 1924–1932. doi: 10.3201/eid1212.060584 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Maynard, M. T., Gilson, L. L., Jones Young, N. C., & Vartiainen, M. (2017). Virtual teams. In Hertel, G., Stone, D., Johnson, R., & Passmore, J. (Eds.), The Wiley Blackwell handbook of the psychology of the internet at work (pp. 315–346). Wiley-Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McAlonan, G., Lee, A., Cheung, V., Cheung, C., Tsang, K., Sham, P., Chua, S., & Wong, J. (2007). Immediate and sustained psychological impact of an emerging infectious disease outbreak on health care workers. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 52, 241–247. doi: 10.1177/070674370705200406 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McGregor, L., & Doshi, N. (2020, April 9). How to keep your team motivated, remotely. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2020/04/how-to-keep-your-team-motivated-remotely Google Scholar
Moore, D., Gamage, B., Bryce, E., Copes, R., Yassi, A., & Group, B. C. I. R. P. S. (2005). Protecting health care workers from SARS and other respiratory pathogens: Organizational and individual factors that affect adherence to infection control guidelines. American Journal of Infection Control, 33, 88–96. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2004.11.003 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nassif, T. H., Start, A. R., Toblin, R. L., & Adler, A. B. (2019). Self-reported mindfulness and soldier health following a combat deployment. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 11, 466–474. doi: 10.1037/tra0000413 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nazar, J. (2020, May 8). 8 critical lessons leaders need to emerge from the COVID-19 crisis (and one that will surprise you). Fast Company. https://www.fastcompany.com/90502230/8-critical-lessons-leaders-need-to-emerge-from-the-covid-19-crisis-and-one-that-will-surprise-you Google Scholar
Nickell, L. A., Crighton, E. J., Tracy, C. S., Al-Enazy, H., Bolaji, Y., Hanjrah, S., Hussain, A., Makhlouf, S., & Upshur, R. E. G. (2004). Psychosocial effects of SARS on hospital staff: Survey of a large tertiary care institution. CMAJ, 170, 793–798. doi: 10.1053/cmaj.1031077 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Nicklin, J. M., Seguin, K., & Flaherty, S. (2019). Positive work-life outcomes: Exploring self-compassion and balance. European Journal of Applied Positive Psychology, 3(6), 1–13.Google Scholar
O’Duinn, J. (2018). Distributed teams: The art and practice of working together while physically apart. Release Mechanix.Google Scholar
Paul, K. I., & Moser, K. (2009). Unemployment impairs mental health: Meta-analyses. Journal of Vocational behavior, 74(3), 264–282. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2009.01.001 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Petersen, A. (2020, March 25). The kids are home. You need to work. What do you do? Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-kids-are-home-you-need-to-work-what-do-you-do-11585144182 Google Scholar
Platt, J. R. (1964). Strong inference. Science, 146(3642), 347–353.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raghuram, S., Hill, N. S., Gibbs, J. L., & Maruping, L. M. (2019). Virtual work: Bridging research clusters. Academy of Management Annals, 13(1), 308–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Restubog, S. L. D., Ocampo, A. C. G., & Wang, L. (2020). Taking control amidst the chaos: Emotion regulation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 199. Article 103440. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103440 Google Scholar
Richter, M., König, C. J., Koppermann, C., & Schilling, M. (2016). Displaying fairness while delivering bad news: Testing the effectiveness of organizational bad news training in the layoff context. Journal of Applied Psychology, 101(6), 779–792. doi: 10.1037/apl0000087 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Riggs, S. A., & Riggs, D. S. (2011). Risk and resilience in military families experiencing deployment: The role of the family attachment network. Journal of Family Psychology, 25(5), 675–687. doi: 10.1037/a0025286 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roose, K. (2020, March 10). Sorry, but working from home is overrated. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/10/technology/working-from-home.html Google Scholar
Rousseau, D. M., Ho, V. T., & Greenberg, J. (2006). I-deals: Idiosyncratic terms in employment relationships. Academy of Management Review, 31(4), 977–994. doi: 10.5465/amr.2006.22527470 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, C. W. (2016). Lifespan developmental perspectives on working: A literature review of motivational theories. Work, Aging and Retirement, 2(2), 130–158. doi: 10.1093/workar/waw012 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, C. W., Marcus, J., & Zacher, H. (2018). Global issues in work and aging. In Shultz, K. S. & Adams, G. A. (Eds.), Aging and work in the 21st century (2nd ed., pp. 292–324). Routledge.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, C. W., Murphy, L., & Zacher, H. (2019). A systematic review and critique of research on “healthy leadership.” Leadership Quarterly, 31(1), Article 101335. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2019.101335 Google Scholar
Rudolph, C. W., Rauvola, R. S., & Zacher, H. (2018). Leadership and generations at work: A critical review. Leadership Quarterly, 29(1), 44–57. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2017.09.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2017). Considering generations from a lifespan developmental perspective. Work, Aging and Retirement, 3(2), 113–129. doi: 10.1093/workar/waw019 Google Scholar
Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2020a). “The COVID-19 generation”: A cautionary note. Work, Aging & Retirement, 6(3), 139–145. doi: 10.1093/workar/waaa009 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rudolph, C. W., & Zacher, H. (2020b). COVID-19 and careers: On the futility of generational explanations. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103433. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103433 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ryan, M. K., Haslam, S. A., Morgenroth, T., Rink, F., Stoker, J., & Peters, K. (2016). Getting on top of the glass cliff: Reviewing a decade of evidence, explanations, and impact. Leadership Quarterly, 27(3), 446–455. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.10.008 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmillen, A., & Umkehrer, M. (2017). The scars of youth: Effects of early-career unemployment on future unemployment experience. International Labour Review, 156(3–4), 465–494. doi: 10.1111/ilr.12079 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schmitz, R. (2020, April 1). Nearly half a million companies in Germany file for state funds to pay workers. National Public Radio. https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/04/01/825163403/nearly-half-a-million-companies-in-germany-file-for-state-funds-to-pay-workers Google Scholar
Schnall, P. L., Dobson, M., & Landsbergis, P. (2016). Globalization, work, and cardiovascular disease. International Journal of Health Services, 46(4), 656–692. doi: 10.1177/0020731416664687 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Seibert, S. E., Kraimer, M. L., Holtom, B. C., & Pierotti, A. J. (2013). Even the best laid plans sometimes go askew: Career self-management processes career shocks, and the decision to pursue graduate education. Journal of Applied Psychology, 98(1), 169–182. doi: 10.1037/a0030882 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Shockley, K. M. (2014). Telecommuting (Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology White Paper Series). http://www.siop.org/WhitePapers/default.aspx/ Google Scholar
Shockley, K. M., & Allen, T. D. (2010). Investigating the missing link in flexible work arrangement utilization: An individual difference perspective. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 76, 131–142. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2009.07.002 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shockley, K. M., & Allen, T. D. (2015). Deciding between work and family: An episodic approach. Personnel Psychology, 68, 283–318. doi: 10.1111/peps.12077 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shoss, M. K. (2017). Job insecurity: An integrative review and agenda for future research. Journal of Management, 43(6), 1911–1939. doi: 10.1177/0149206317691574 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shultz, K. S. (2003). Bridge employment: Work after retirement. In Adams, G. A. & Beehr, T.A. (Eds.), Retirement: Reasons, processes, and results (pp. 214–241). Springer.Google Scholar
Sibley, C. G., Greaves, L. M., Satherley, N., Wilson, M. S., Overall, N. C., Lee, C. H. J., Milojev, P., Bulbulia, J., Osborne, D., Milfont, T., Houkamau, C. A., Duck, I. M., Vickers-Jones, R., & Barlow, F. K. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and nationwide lockdown on trust, attitudes towards government, and wellbeing. American Psychologist. doi: 10.1037/amp0000662 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Singer, N. (2020, May 11). Employers rush to adopt virus screening. The tools may not help much. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/11/technology/coronavirus-worker-testing-privacy.html Google Scholar
Skarlicki, D. P., Barclay, L. J., & Pugh, D. S. (2008). When explanations for layoffs are not enough: Employer’s integrity as a moderator of the relationship between informational justice and retaliation. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 81(1), 123–146. doi: 10.1348/096317907X206848 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, L. (2015). Reforming the minimum wage: Toward a psychological perspective. American Psychologist, 70(6), 557–565. doi: 10.1037/a0039579 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sonnentag, S., Pundt, A., & Albrecht, A.-G. (2014). Temporal perspectives on job stress. In Shipp, A. J. & Fried, Y. (Eds.), Time and work. Volume 1: How time impacts individuals (pp. 111–140). Psychology Press.Google Scholar
Spinney, L. (2020, March 7). The world changed its approach to health after the 1918 flu. Will it after the COVID-19 outbreak? Time. https://time.com/5797629/health-1918-flu-epidemic/ Google Scholar
Spisak, B. R. (2012). The general age of leadership: Older-looking presidential candidates win elections during war. PLoS ONE, 7(5), Article e36945.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Splitter, J. (2020, March 18). COVID-19 and truck driver shortage may threaten food supply chain. Bloomberg. https://www.forbes.com/sites/jennysplitter/2020/03/18/covid-19-and-truck-driver-shortage-may-threaten-food-supply-chain/#4e48a02b523e Google Scholar
Spurk, D., Hirschi, A., & Dries, N. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of objective versus subjective career success: Competing perspectives and future directions. Journal of Management, 45(1), 35–69. doi: 10.1177/0149206318786563 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spurk, D., Kauffeld, S., Meinecke, A. L., & Ebner, K. (2015). Why do adaptable people feel less insecure? Indirect effects of career adaptability on job and career insecurity via two types of perceived marketability. Journal of Career Assessment, 24(2), 289–306. doi: 10.1177/1069072715580415 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spurk, D., & Straub, C. (2020). Flexible employment relationships and careers in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 119, Article 103435. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103435 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stam, D., van Knippenberg, D., Wisse, B., & Nederveen Pieterse, A. (2018). Motivation in words: Promotion-and prevention-oriented leader communication in times of crisis. Journal of Management, 44(7), 2859–2887. doi: 10.1177/0149206316654543 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stankiewicz, K. (2020, March 25). Mark Cuban says how companies treat workers during pandemic could define their brand “for decades.” CNBC. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/25/coronavirus-mark-cuban-warns-against-rushing-employees-back-to-work.html Google Scholar
Sternin, J. (2003). Practice positive deviance for extraordinary social and organizational change. In Ulrich, D., Goldsmith, M., Carter, L., Bolt, J., & Smallwood, N. (Eds.), The change champion’s fieldguide (pp. 73–94). Best Practice Institute.Google Scholar
Stockton, A., Kastner, A., & Appelbaum, B. (2020, March 19). If I caught the coronavirus, would you want me making your next meal? New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/19/opinion/mcdonalds-paid-leave-coronavirus.html Google Scholar
Stoker, J. I., Garretsen, H., & Soudis, D. (2019). Tightening the leash after a threat: A multi-level event study on leadership behavior following the financial crisis. Leadership Quarterly, 30(2), 199–214. doi: 10.1016/j.leaqua.2018.08.004 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Suh, A., Cheung, C. M., Ahuja, M., & Wagner, C. (2017). Gamification in the workplace: The central role of the aesthetic experience. Journal of Management Information Systems, 34, 268–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tam, C. W. C., Pang, E. P. F., Lam, L. C. W., & Chiu, H. F. K. (2004). Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Hong Kong in 2003: Stress and psychological impact among frontline healthcare workers. Psychological Medicine, 34, 1197–1204. doi: 10.1017/S0033291704002247 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tappe, A. (2020, May 7). 1 in 5 American workers has filed for unemployment benefits since mid-March. CNN. https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/07/economy/unemployment-benefits-coronavirus/index.html Google Scholar
Taylor, S. (2019). The psychology of pandemics: Preparing for the next global outbreak of infectious disease. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.Google Scholar
Thielsch, M. T., Meeßen, S. M., & Hertel, G. (2018). Trust and distrust in information systems at the workplace. PeerJ, 6, Article e5483. https://peerj.com/articles/5483.pdf CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomas, K. (2020, April 8). UN report: 400 million Indian workers may sink deeper into poverty. New Leam. https://thenewleam.com/2020/04/un-report-400-million-indian-workers-may-sink-deeper-into-poverty/ Google Scholar
Trevor, C. O., & Nyberg, A. J. (2008). Keeping your headcount when all about you are losing theirs: Downsizing, voluntary turnover rates, and the moderating role of HR practices. Academy of Management Journal, 51(2), 259–276.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ungar, M. (2017). Which counts more: Differential impact of the environment or differential susceptibility of the individual? British Journal of Social Work, 47(5), 1279–1289. doi. 10.1093/bjsw/bcw109 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA). (2015). World Population prospects: The 2015 revision. United Nations. https://www.helpage.org/global-agewatch/population-ageing-data/population-ageing-map/# Google Scholar
Van Bavel, J. J., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., Crockett, M. J., Crum, A. J., Douglas, K. M., Druckman, J. M., Drury, J., Dube, O., Ellemers, N., Finkel, E. J., Fowler, J. H., Gelfand, M., Han, S., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., … Willer, R. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(5), 460–471. doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vander Elst, T., Richter, A., Sverke, M., Näswall, K., De Cuyper, N., & De Witte, H. (2014). Threat of losing valued job features: The role of perceived control in mediating the effect of qualitative job insecurity on job strain and psychological withdrawal. Work and Stress, 31(4), 1–22. doi: 10.1080/02678373.2014.899651 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vander Elst, T., Van den Broeck, A., De Witte, H., & De Cuyper, N. (2012). The mediating role of frustration of psychological needs in the relationship between job insecurity and work-related well-being. Work & Stress, 26(3), 252–271. doi: 10.1080/02678373.2012.703900 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Waldman, D. A., Ramirez, G. G., House, R. J., & Puranam, P. (2001). Does leadership matter? CEO leadership attributes and profitability under conditions of perceived environmental uncertainty. Academy of Management Journal, 44(1), 134–143. doi: 10.5465/3069341 Google Scholar
Walker, A. (2005). The emergence of age management in Europe. International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, 10(1), 685–697.Google Scholar
Withane, K. (2020, March 16). Working remotely during the coronavirus (COVID-19). Thrive Global. https://thriveglobal.com/stories/working-remotely-during-the-coronavirus-covid-19/ Google Scholar
Wong, S. (2020, March 7). China exports plummet by 17% as coronavirus takes its toll. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/248396a6-5f89-11ea-b0ab-339c2307bcd4 Google Scholar
Wong, T. W., Yau, J. K. Y., Chan, C. L. W., Kwong, R. S. Y., Ho, S. M. Y., Lau, C. C., Lau, F., & Lit, C. H. (2005). The psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on healthcare workers in emergency departments and how they cope. European Journal of Emergency Medicine, 12, 13–18.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wooten, L. P., & James, E. H. (2008). Linking crisis management and leadership competencies: The role of human resource development. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 10(3), 352–379. doi: 10.1177/1523422308316450 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
World Health Organization (WHO). (2020, March 11). WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 Google Scholar
Wright, A. L., Meyer, A. D., Reay, T., & Staggs, J. (2020). Maintaining places of social inclusion: Ebola and the emergency department. Administrative Science Quarterly. doi: 10.1177/0001839220916401 Google Scholar
Wright, P. M., & McMahan, G. C. (1992). Theoretical perspectives for strategic human resource management. Journal of Management, 18, 295–320. doi: 10.1177/014920639201800205 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wright, P. M., & Ulrich, M. D. (2017). A road well traveled: The past, present, and future journey of strategic human resource management. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 4, 45–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yavorsky, J. E., Kamp Dush, C. M., & Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J. (2015). The production of inequality: The gender division of labor across the transition to parenthood. Journal of Marriage and Family, 77, 662–679. doi: 10.1111/jomf.12189 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Yukl, G. (2006). Leadership in organizations (6th ed.). Prentice Hall.Google Scholar
Zatzick, C., Marks, M. L., & Iverson, R. (2009). Which way should you downsize in a crisis? MIT Sloan Management Review, 51, 79–86. doi: 10.1108/hrmid.2010.04418cad.005 Google Scholar
Zhang, Y., Waldman, D. A., Han, Y. L., & Li, X. B. (2015). Paradoxical leader behaviors in people management: Antecedents and consequences. Academy of Management Journal, 58(2), 538–566. doi: 10.5465/amj.2012.0995 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zhou, F., Yu, T., Du, R., Fan, G., Liu, Y., Liu, Z., Xiang, J., Wang, Y., Song, B., Gu, X., Guan, L., Wei, Y., Li, H., Wu, X., Xu, J., Tu, S., Chen, H., & Cao, B. (2020). Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet, 395(10229), 1054–1062. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Zhu, Z., Xu, S., Wang, H., Liu, Z., Wu, J., Li, G., Miao, J., Zhang, C., Yang, Y., Sun, W., Zhu, S., Fan, Y., Hu, J., Liu, J., & Wang, W. (2020). COVID-19 in Wuhan: Immediate psychological impact on 5062 health workers. EClinicalMedicine, 24, Article 100443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100443 Google Scholar
Zikic, J., & Klehe, U.-C. (2006). Job loss as a blessing in disguise: The role of career exploration and career planning in predicting reemployment quality. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 69(3), 391–409. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2006.05.007 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zsiros, S. (2020, March 31). Coronavirus in Europe: One million job losses in two weeks is tip of the iceberg. EuroNews. https://www.euronews.com/2020/03S./31/coronavirus-in-europe-one-million-job-losses-in-two-weeks-is-tip-of-the-iceberg Google Scholar