Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T16:46:42.616Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Way Out West: Development and the Rhetoric of Mobility in Postmodern Feminist Theory

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 March 2020

Abstract

In this essay, I trace a rhetorical affinity between feminist postmodern theory and an Enlightenment narrative of development. This affinity consists in the valorization of mobility and the repudiation of locatedness. Although feminists deploy this rhetoric in order to accommodate differences and to accustom readers to the instability that results from such accommodation, I show how this rhetoric works to justify Western colonial development and to efface women's very different experiences of mobility in the early twenty-first century.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © 2000 by Hypatia, Inc.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Anzaldúa, Gloria 1987. Borderlands/la frontera: The new mestiza. San Francisco: Spinsters/Aunt Lute.Google Scholar
Arendt, Hannah 1982. Lectures on Kant's political philosophy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Asad, Talal 1993. Genealogies of religion: Discipline and reasons of power in Christianity and Islam. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Banuri, Tariq 1990. Development and the politics of knowledge: A critical interpretation of the social role of modernization theories in the development of the third world. In Dominating knowledge: Development, culture, and resistance, ed.Apffel Marglin, Frédérique and Marglin, Stephen A.Oxford: Clarendon.Google Scholar
Baudrillard, Jean 1990. La transparence du mal: Essai sur les phénomènes extrêmes. Paris: Galilée.Google Scholar
Boyce‐Davies, Carol 1995. Introduction to Moving beyond boundaries: Black women's diasporas, ed.Boyce‐Davies, Carol. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Braidotti, Rosi 1994. Nomadic subjects: Embodiment and sexual difference in contemporary feminist theory. New York: Columbia.Google Scholar
Charlton, Sue Ellen 1997. Development as history and process. In The women, gender and development reader, ed.Visvanathan, Naliniet al. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Cixous, Hélène. 1986. Sorties: Out and out: Attacks/ways out/forays. In The newly bom woman, by Hélène Cixous and Carherine Clémenr, Trans.Wing, Betsy. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Clifford, James 1988. Travelling cultures. In Marxism and the interpretations of culture, ed.Nelson, Cary and Grossberg, Lawrence. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Cornell, Drucilla 1991. Beyond accommodation: Ethical feminism, deconstruction and the law. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Cowen, Michael, and Shenton, Robert 1995. The invention of development. In Power of development, ed.Crush, Jonathan. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Crush, Jonathan 1995. Introduction to Power of development, ed.Crush, Jonathan. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Dirasse, Laketch 1995. Gender issues and displaced populations. In A commitment to the world's women: Perspectives on development for Beijing and beyond, ed.Heyzer, Noeleen. New York: United Nations Development Fund for Women.Google Scholar
Dowty, Alan 1987. Closed borders: The contemporary assault on freedom of movement. A Twentieth Century Fund Report New Haven: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Dwivedi, O. P. 1994. Development administration: From underdevelopment to sustainable development. New York: St. Martin's Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Esteva, Gustavo 1992. Development. In The development dictionary: A guide to knowledge as power, ed.Sachs, Wolfgang. London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Ferguson, Kathy 1993. The man question: Visions of subjectivity in feminist theory. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Foucault, Michel 1984. What is Enlightenment? In The Foucault reader, ed.Rabinow, Paul. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Gabriel, Teshoma H. 1988. Thoughts on nomadic aesthetics and the black independent cinema: Traces of a journey. In Marxism and the interpretation of cultures, ed.Nelson, Cary and Grossberg, Lawrence. Urbana: The University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Gay, Peter 1966. The Enlightenment: An interpretation. 2 vols. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar
Gerschenkron, A. 1992. Economic backwardness in historical perspective. In The sociology of economic life, ed.Granovetter, M. and Swedberg, R.Boulder: Westview Press.Google Scholar
Goetz, Anne Marie 1997. Introduction to Getting institutions right for women in development, ed.Goetz, Anne Marie. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Grewal, Interpal 1994. Autobiographic subjects and diasporic locations: Meatless days and borderlands. In Scattered hegemonies: Postmodernity and transnational feminist practices, ed.Grewal, Interpal and Kaplan, Caren. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Grewal, Interpal 1996. Home and harem: Nation, gender, empire, and the cultures of travel. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grewal, Interpal, and Kaplan, Caren 1994. Introduction to Scattered hegemonies: Postmodernity and transnational feminist practices, ed. Interpal Grewal and Caren Kaplan Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Hanson, Susan, and Pratt, Geraldine 1995. Gender, work, and space. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Harrison, David 1988. Sociology of mobilization and development. London: Unwin Hyman.Google Scholar
Heyzer, Noeleen 1995. Introduction to A commitment to the world's women: Perspectives on development for Beijing and beyond, ed.Heyzer, Noeleen. New York: United Nations Development Fund for Women.Google Scholar
Hobbes, Thomas 1949. De cive. ed.Lamprecht, Sterling P.New York: Appleton‐Century‐Crofts.Google Scholar
Hondagneu‐Sotelo, Pierette 1994. Gendered transitions: Mexican experiences of immigration. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Hooks, Bell 1994. Outlaw culture: Resisting representation. London and New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Irigaray, Luce 1985. This sex which is not one. Trans.Porter, Catherine. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Irigaray, Luce 1991. The Irigaray reader. ed.Whitford, Margaret. Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Jahan, Rounaq 1995. The elusive agenda: Mainstreaming women in development. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Kant, Immanuel 1970. An answer to the question “What is Enlightenment?” In Kant's Political Writings, ed.Reiss, Hans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Caren 1994. The politics of location as transnational feminist critical practice. In Scattered hegemonies: Postmodernity and transnational feminist practices, ed.Grewal, Interpal and Kaplan, Caren. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Kaplan, Caren 1996. Questions of travel: Postmodern discourses of displacement. Durham: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koselleck, Reinhart 1988. Critique and crisis: Enlightenment and the pathogenesis of modern society. Oxford: Berg.Google Scholar
Kristeva, Julia 1993. Nations without nationalism. Trans.Roudiez, Leon S.New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Lummis, C. Douglas 1991. Development against democracy. Alternatives 19: 3166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marchand, Marianne H., and Parpart, Jane L., eds. 1995. Feminism/postmodernism/development. International Studies of Women and Place. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Marx, Karl 1977. Selected writings. ed.McLellan, David. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Massey, Doreen 1994. Space, place, gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Massey, Doreen, and Jess, Pat, eds. 1995. A place in the world? In The shape of the world: Explorations in human geography, vol. 4. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart 1910. Utilitarianism, liberty, and representative government. Everyman's Library. London: Dutton.Google Scholar
Nehmet, Ozay 1995. Westernizing the third world: The eurocentricity of economic development theories. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Neumann, Franz 1957. The concept of political freedom. In The democratic and authoritarian state. Glencoe, 111: The Free Press.Google Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha 1993. Commentary on Charles Taylor: Explanation and practical reason. In The quality of life, ed.Nussbaum, Martha and Sen, Amartya. Oxford: Clarendon.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nussbaum, Martha 1995. Introduction to Women, culture and development: A study of human capabilities, ed.Nussbaum, Marrha and Glover, Jonathan. Oxford: Clarendon Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parpart, Jane 1995. Post‐modernism, gender and development. In Power of development, ed.Crush, Jonathan. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Pietilä, Hilkka, and Vickers, Jeanne 1996. Making women matter: The role of the United Nations. 3rd ed. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Porter, Doug J. 1995. Scenes from childhood: The homesickness of development discourses. In Power of development, ed.Crush, Jonathan. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Rose, Gillian 1993. Feminism and geography. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.Google Scholar
Rostow, Walt Whitman 1990. Stages of economic growth: A non‐Communist manifesto. 3rd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Ryan, Alan 1979. The idea of freedom: Essays in honour of Isaiah Berlin. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Sachs, Wolfgang 1992. Introduction to The development dictionary, ed. Wolfgang Sachs London: Zed Books.Google Scholar
Sargisson, Lucy 1996. Contemporary feminist utopianism. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Scott, Catherine V. 1995. Gender and development: Rethinking modernization and dependency theory. Women and Change in the Developing World Boulder: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar
Sen, Amartya 1988. The concept of development. In Handbook of development economics, vol. 1, ed.Chenery, Hollis and Srinivasan, T. N.Amsterdam: North Holland.Google Scholar
Sen, Gita, and Grown, Caren 1987. Development, crises, and alternative visions: Third world women's perspectives. New Feminist Library New York: Monthly Review Press.Google Scholar
Shiva, Vandana 1989. Staying alive: Women, ecology and development. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Sittirak, Sinith 1998. The daughters of development: Women in a changing environment. London: Zed.Google Scholar
Slater, David 1992. Theories of development and politics of the post‐modern: Exploring a border zone. Development and change 23(3): 283319.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Slater, David 1993. The political meaning of development: In search of new horizons. In Beyond the impasse: New directions in development theory, ed.Schuurman, F.London: Zed.Google Scholar
Smith, Jonathan Z. 1993. Map is not territory: Studies in the history of religion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google ScholarPubMed
Soja, Edward 1989. Postmodern geographies: The reassertion of space in critical social theory. London: Verso.Google Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty 1988. Can the subaltern speak? In Marxism and the interpretation of culture, ed.Nelson, Cary and Grossberg, Lawrence. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Spivak, Gayatri Chakravorty 1990. The post‐colonial critic: Interviews, strategies, dialogues. ed.Harasym, Sarah. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Steady, Filomina Chioma 1993. Gender, shelter and sustainable development. In Women and children first: Environment, poverty and sustainable development, ed.Steady, Filomina Chioma. Rochester, Vt.: Schenkman.Google Scholar
Sylvester, Christine 1994. Feminist theory and international relations in a postmodern era. Cambridge Studies in International Relations Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Tinker, Irene 1993. “Women and shelter: Combining women's roles.” In Women at the center: Development issues and practices for the 1990s, ed.Young, Gay, Samarasinghe, Vidyamali, and Kusterer, Ken. West Hartford, Conn.: Kumarian Press.Google Scholar
Minh‐ha, Trinh T. 1991. When the moon waxes red. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Truman, Harry 1950. Inaugural address. In A decade of American foreign policy, ed. the United States Congress Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office.Google Scholar
Udayagiri, Mridula 1995. Challenging modernization: Gender and development, postmodern feminism and activism. In Feminism/postmodernism/development, ed.Marchand, Marianne H. and Parpart, Jane L.London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Vargas Valente, Virginia 1988. The women's movement in Latin America: A challenge for analysis and action. In Confronting the crisis in Latin America: Women organizing for change, ed.Stob, Barbara and Terrell, Nena. Santiago: Isis International and DAWN.Google Scholar
Waylen, Georgina 1996. Gender in third world politics. Boulder: Lynne Rienner.Google Scholar
Wolf, Susan 1995. Commentary by Susan Wolf (Response to Martha Nussbaum). In Women, culture and development: A study of human capabilities, ed.Nussbaum, Martha and Glover, Jonathan. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
World Bank. 1995. Workers in an integrating world. World Development Report. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar