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An Analysis of Formal Education in Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 February 2017

Gerald Gutek
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Extract

In protest against the ruthless capitalism of the late nineteenth century, Edward Bellamy wrote Looking Backward, a novel of social reform. In his book, Bellamy transported a wealthy, young, nineteenth-century Bostonian, Julian West, on a fictional journey to the Year 2000. West, Bellamy's fictional citizen of 1887, witnessed the wonders of the new social order, an industrialized utopia. The citizens of this new world had abolished profit, greed, competition, and poverty under the leadership of a national industrial army. This familiar theme has been recounted in numerous social and literary histories. Despite the literary imperfections and unsophisticated style of this work, many readers have looked beyond it as a mere period piece and viewed it as an influential document of American utopianism.

Type
Research Article
Information
History of Education Quarterly , Volume 4 , Issue 4 , December 1964 , pp. 251 - 263
Copyright
Copyright © 1964, University of Pittsburgh Press 

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References

Notes

1. Sadler, Elizabeth, “One Book's Influence: Edward Bellamy's Looking Backward ” The New England Quarterly, 17 (December 1944), 553.Google Scholar

2. Ibid., 530.Google Scholar

3. Brameld, Theodore, Toward a Reconstructed Philosophy of Education (New York, 1962), 33.Google Scholar

4. Welter, Rush, Popular Education and Democratic Thought in America (New York, 1962), 223.Google Scholar

5. Bellamy, Edward, Looking Backward, 2000–1887 New York, 1917, (originally pub. 1887), 57.Google Scholar

6. Sadler, , 536.Google Scholar

7. Hope Franklin, John, “Edward Bellamy and the Nationalist Movement,” The New England Quarterly, 11 (December 1938), 755.Google Scholar

8. Brameld, , op. cit., 151.Google Scholar

9. Welter, , op. cit., 223.Google Scholar

10. Bellamy, , op. cit., 210–21.Google Scholar

11. Bellamy, , ibid. 217.Google Scholar

12. Fromm, Erich, “Foreword,” Looking Backward (New York, 1960), x.Google Scholar

13. Bellamy, , op. cit., 217.Google Scholar

14. Ibid., 222.Google Scholar

15. Ibid., 220.Google Scholar

16. Ibid., 221.Google Scholar

17. Ibid., 65–66.Google Scholar

18. Ibid., 66.Google Scholar

19. Ibid., 69.Google Scholar

20. Ibid., 94.Google Scholar

21. Ibid., 98.Google Scholar

22. Ibid., 132.Google Scholar

23. Ibid., 132.Google Scholar

24. Ibid., 127.Google Scholar

25. Ibid., 201.Google Scholar

26. Ibid., 128.Google Scholar

27. Ibid., 72.Google Scholar

28. Ibid., 73.Google Scholar

29. Ibid., 164.Google Scholar

30. Ibid., 218.Google Scholar

31. Ibid., 222.Google Scholar

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33. Ibid., 196–97.Google Scholar

34. Ibid., 217.Google Scholar

35. Ibid., 209.Google Scholar