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Peasant Land and Peasant Society in Late Imperial Russia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 February 2009

H. S. Vasudevan
H. S. Vasudevan
Affiliation:
Calcutta University
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Type
Review Articles
Information
The Historical Journal , Volume 31 , Issue 1 , March 1988 , pp. 207 - 222
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1988

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References

1 The best account available to-date is Robinson, G. T., Rural Russia under the old regime (New York, 1932)Google Scholar. The work of pre-Revolutionary scholars and social activists (K. R. Kachorovskii, V. P. Vorontsov and P. P. Maslov especially) is still of great use. But it is polemical in nature and often based on very limited evidence. Some of this literature is dealt with in Atkinson, D., The end of the Russian land commune, 1905–1930 (Stanford, 1983)Google Scholar.

2 Thorner, D., Smith, R. E. F. and Kerblay, B. (ed. and trans.), A. V. Chayanov and the theory of peasant economy (Homewood, 1966)Google Scholar. Lenin, V. I., The development of capitalism in Russia (Moscow, 1974)Google Scholar.

3 Shanin, T., The awkward class (Oxford, 1972)Google Scholar, contains an excellent assessment of the literature on differentiation. There is no major account to date of the influence of independent peasant proprietors and traders on the life of the village.

4 Simms, J. Y. Jr ‘The crisis in Russian agriculture at the end of the nineteenth century: a different view’, in Slavic Review (1978)Google Scholar.

5 Fedorov, V. A., Pomeshch'ichi krest'yane tsenlral'nogo promyshlennogo rayona Rossii (Moscow, 1974)Google Scholar; Koval'chenko, I. D., Russkoe kreststnoe krest'yanstvo v pervoy polovine XIX v (Moscow, 1967)Google Scholar. Kashin, V. N., Krepostnye krest'yane-zemlevladel'tsy nakanune reformy (Leningrad, 1933)Google Scholar. Druzhinin, N. M., Russkaya derevnya na perelome (Moscow 1978)Google Scholar. Fedorov shows clearly that it is impossible to substantiate arguments regarding whether allotment land was decreasing or increasing overall in the first half of the nineteenth century. In the past, there have been attemptsto prove decrease (by V. I. Semevskii, I. I. Ignatovich and I. D. Koval'chenko) and increase (by B. G. Litvak).

6 Gerschenkron, A., Cambridge economic history of Europe, VI, pt. 2Google Scholar.

7 N. M. Druzhinin, Russkaya derevnya. For the emancipation see Zayonchkovskiy, P. A., Provedenie v zhizn' krest'yanskoy reformy 1861g. (Moscow, 1958)Google Scholar, which has recently been translated into English. See also A. Gerschenkron, Cambridge Economic History of Europe.

8 A. M. Anfimov, Krest'yanskoe khozyaystvo Evropeiskoy Rossii, 1881–1904 (Moscow 1980), pp. 67ffGoogle Scholar.

9 Vdovin, V. A., Krest'yanskoe pozemel'nyy bank (Moscow, 1952)Google Scholar. Anfimov, A. M., Krest'yanskoe, PP. 55–67. 117ffGoogle Scholar.

10 Anfimov, A. M., Ekonomicheskoe polozhenie i klassovaya bor'ba krest'yan Evropeyskoy Rossii (Moscow, 1984), pp. 11 ffGoogle Scholar.

11 Bater, J. H. and French, R. A. (ed.), Studies in Russian historical geography (Florida, 1983)Google Scholar. A large number of the essays cover the medieval and early modern period, or areas outside European Russia (Russian Alaska, Central Asia, etc.). The essays mentioned, together with the studies by Judith Pallot, mentioned below, are relevant for the issues considered in this review.

12 Tiumevev, I. F., ‘Ot Rzheva do Uglicha’, in Istoricheskii Vestnik, 1876, t. 3, nos. 1–2Google Scholar.

13 Anfimov, A. M., Krest'yanskoe, pp. 55–67Google Scholar.

14 Budaev, D. I., Smolenskaya derevnya v kontse XIX i nachale XX vv (Smolensk, 1967), pp. 177 ffGoogle Scholar.

15 Anfimov, A. M. and Zyryanov, P. N., ‘Nekotorye cherty evoliutsii russkoy krest'yanskoy obshchiny v poreformennoy Rossii (1861–1914)’, in Istoriya SSSR, 1980, No. 4Google Scholar.

16 D. I. Budaev, Smolenskaya.

17 The most thorough discussion of the three-field system is for an earlier period. Confino, M. N., Systèmes agraires et progrès agricole (Paris, 1969)Google Scholar. A summary of the views of the Russian and Soviet agronomist, D. N. Pryanishnikov, is given in A. M. Anfimov, Krest'yanskoe.

18 Anfimov, A. M., Krest'yanskoe, pp. 60, 103–4, 133, 177 ffGoogle Scholar.

19 Aleksandrov, V. A., ‘Obychnoe pravo v Rossii v otechestvennoy nauke, XIX-nachale XXv.’, Voprosy Istorii, XI (1981)Google ScholarZyryanov, P. N., ‘Obychnoe grazhdanskoe pravo v poreformennoy obshchine’, in Ezhegodnik po agramoy istorii, Vyp. VI (Vologda, 1976)Google Scholar.

20 The zemstva were all-class elected local government institutions set up for most of the provinces of European Russia in 1864.

21 Entsiklopedicheskii Slovar' (Brockhaus Efron), ‘Sel'skokhozyaystvennya obshchestva’. Veselovskii, B. B., Istoriya Zemstva za sorok let (St Petersburg, 1909–1911), vol. 2Google Scholar. Kitanina, T. M., Khlebnaya Torgovlya Rossii v 1875–1914 gg (Leningrad, 1978)Google Scholar.

22 Emmons, T. and Vucinich, W. C. (eds.), The zemstvo in Russia (Cambridge, 1982)Google Scholar.

23 Dubrovskiy, S. M., Stolypinskaya zemel'naya reforma (Moscow, 1963)Google Scholar.

24 Yaney, G. L., The urge to mobilize (Illinois, 1982), pp. 156 ff., 260, 238, 296Google Scholar.

25 Pallot, Judith in Bater, J. H. and French, R. A. (ed.) Studies in Russian historical geography (Florida, 1983), vol. 1Google Scholar.

26 Anfimov, A. M., Ekonomicheskoe. Offord, D., The Russian revolutionary movement in the 1880s (Cambridge, 1986)Google Scholar. Field, D., Rebels in the name of the T sar (Boston, 1976)Google Scholar.

27 Brooks, Jeffrey, When Russia learned to read (Princeton, 1985)Google Scholar.

28 Stolyarov, Ivan, Zapiski russkago krest'yanina (Paris, 1986)Google Scholar. The memoirs have a thorough introduction by Basile Kerblay and a useful glossary of terms.