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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 March 2016
Observations of Lyman-α absorption show that any gas present in the space between clusters of galaxies must be hot, and x-ray observations indicate that there may be present gas whose temperature at low redshifts is 4 × 108 K and whose density is about half the critical value for cosmology. The interpretation of these observations is reviewed, and difficulties with proposed heating mechanisms are emphasized.