Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T05:11:33.874Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Stealing on insensibly: end of life politics in the United States

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2012

Lawrence D. Brown*
Affiliation:
Professor of Health Policy and Management, Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
*
*Correspondence to: Professor Lawrence D. Brown, Professor of Health Policy and Management, Department of Health Policy and Management, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 600 West 168th Street, 4th Floor, New York 10032, New York, USA. Email: [email protected]

Abstract

Because the United States often seems (and seems eager to present itself as) the home of the technological imperative and of determination to brand all challenges to it in end-of-life care as a descent into death panels, the prospects look unpromising for progress in US public policies that would expand the range of choices of medical treatments available to individuals preparing for death. Beneath this obdurate and intermittently hysterical surface, however, the diffusion across US states and communities of living wills, advanced directives, palliative care, hospice services and debates about assisted suicide is gradually strengthening not so much ‘personal autonomy’ as the authority, cultural and formal, of individuals and their loved ones not merely to shape but to lead the inevitably ‘social’ conversations on which decisions about care at the end of life depend. In short, the nation appears to be (in terms taken from John Donne's mediations on death) ‘stealing on insensibly’ – making incremental progress toward the replacement of clinical and other types of dogma with end-of-life options that honor the preferences of the dying.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2012

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Almgren, G. R. (n.d.), Council on Social Work Education, Palliative Care with Older Adults, Section 3: Policy Issues Related to Aging and Palliative Care, http://www.cswe.org/File.aspx?id=24178Google Scholar
Amednews.Com. (2009), January 5, http://www.ama-assn.org/amednews/2009/01/05/prsa0105.htm [29 November 2010].Google Scholar
Amednews.Com. (2010), May 24, http://www.ama-assn.org/amednews/2010/05/24/prsb0524htm [29 November 2010].Google Scholar
Asch, A. (2005), ‘Recognizing Death While Affirming Life: Can End of Life Reform Uphold a Disabled Person's Interest in Continued Life?’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 31–36.Google Scholar
Blumenauer, E. (2009), My Near Death Panel Experience. New York Times (November 15): WK 12, http://www.Nytimes.com/2009/11/15/opinion/15blumenauer.html [29 November 2010].Google Scholar
Burt, R. A. (2005), ‘The End of Autonomy’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 9–13.Google Scholar
Callahan, D. (2009), Taming the Beloved Beast: How Medical Technology Costs are Destroying our Health Care System, Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Carpenter, D. (2010), 7 Important Things to Know about Living Wills. Fifty Plus Advocate (posted May 26), http://fiftyplusadvocate.com/archives/773Google Scholar
Carr, D. (2012), Letter to Editor. New York Times (April 4).Google Scholar
Center to Advance Palliative Care (2008), America's Care of Serious Illness: a State-by-State Report Card on Access to Palliative Care in our Nation's Hospitals, New York: Center to Advance Palliative Care.Google Scholar
Dubler, N. (2005), ‘Conflict and Consensus at the End of Life’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 19–25.Google Scholar
Economist Intelligence Unit (2010), The Quality of Death: Ranking End of Life Care Across the World, www.eiu.com/sponsor/liemfoundation/qulaityofdeathGoogle Scholar
Edens, P. S., Harvey, C. D., Gilden, K. M. (2008), ‘Developing and Funding a Palliative care program’, American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care 10, (June 6), http://ajh.sagepub.com/content/early/2008/06/06/1049909108319269.shortGoogle Scholar
Foley, K. M. (2005), ‘The Past and Future of Palliative Care’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 42–46.Google Scholar
Gawande, A. (2010), Letting Go: What Should Medicine Do When It Can't Save Your Life? New Yorker (August 2), http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/08/02/100802fa_fact_gawandeGoogle Scholar
Gusmano, M.Allin, S. (2011), ‘Health care for older persons in England and the United States: a contrast of systems and values’, Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 36(1): 89118.Google Scholar
Health Beat Blog: The Trouble with Living Wills (2009), (January 5), www.healthbeatblog.org/2009/01/the-trouble-with-living-wills.html [29 November 2010].Google Scholar
Hickman, S. E.et al. (2005), ‘Hope for the Future: Achieving the Original Intent of Advance Directives’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 37–41.Google Scholar
Hospice Patients Alliance (n.d.), Hospice Law and Regulations (Federal and State Laws on Hospice: The Uniform Standards of Care), http://www.hospicepatients.org/hospice38.html [6 December 2010]Google Scholar
Johnson, S. H. (2005), ‘Making Room for Dying: End of Life Care in Nursing Homes’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 37–41.Google Scholar
Landro, L. (2011), ‘New efforts to simplify end-of-life care wishes’, Wall Street Journal, (March 15).Google Scholar
Lubell, J. (2010), Easing Their Pain: Palliative Care Grows Despite Reimbursement Issues. ModernHealth care.com (May 31), http://www.modernhealthcare.com/article/20100531/MAGAZINE/100529913 [6 December 2010].Google Scholar
Lynn, J. (2005), ‘Living Long in Fragile Health: the New Demographics Shape End of Life Care’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 14–18.Google Scholar
Meier, D. E.Beresford, L. (2009), ‘Palliative care seeks its home in national health care reform’, Journal of Palliative Medicine, 12(7): 593597.Google Scholar
Meier, D. E., Casarett, D. J., Von Gunten, C. F., Smith, W. J., Storey, C. P. Jr (2010), ‘Palliative medicine: politics and policy’, Journal of Palliative Medicine, 13(2): 141146.Google Scholar
Meyer, H. (2010), Catholic Directive May Hamstring Living Wills. Kaiser Health News (March 13), http://www.tulsaworld.com/news/article/aspx?subjectid=188articleid=20100314_18_A18_Amelde557759Google Scholar
Morrison, B. (1993), And When Did You Last See Your Father?, London: Granta.Google Scholar
Murray, T. J.Jennings, B. (2005), ‘The Quest to Reform End of Life Care: Rethinking Assumptions and Setting New Directions’, in B. Jennings et al. (eds), Improving End of Life Care: Why Has It Been So Difficult?, Garrison, NY: The Hastings Center, 52–57.Google Scholar
Murray, S. (2010), ‘Digital lists clarify end-of-life choices’, Wall Street Journal, (December 21).Google Scholar
National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization (n.d.), History of Hospice Care, http://www.nhpco.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3285 [6 December 2010].Google Scholar
Oberlander, J., Marmor, T., Jacobs, L. (2001), ‘Rationing medical care: rhetoric and reality in the oregon health plan’, Canadian Medical Association Journal, 164: 15831587.Google Scholar
Pallimed (2007), Heated Criticism of Living Wills Spills Over (October 17), http://www.pallimed.org/2007/10/heated-criticism-of-living-wills-spills.html [29 November 2010].Google Scholar
Pear, R. (2010), ‘Obama institutes end-of-life plan that caused stir’, New York Times, (December 26): A1.Google Scholar
Pollack, K. M., Morhaim, D., Williams, M. A. (2010), ‘The public's perspectives on advance directives: implications for state legislative and regulatory policy’, Health Policy, 96: 5763.Google Scholar
Proust, M. (1998), In Search of Lost Time: The Guarmantes Way, vol. 3, trans. C. K. Scott Moncrieff and T. Kilmartin, revised by D. J. Enright, New York: Modern Library.Google Scholar
Reinhardt, U. E. (2003), ‘Does the aging of the population really drive the demand for health care?’, Health Affairs, 22(6): 2739.Google Scholar
Silveira, M. J., Kim, S. Y., Langa, K. M. (2010), ‘Advance directives and outcomes of surrogate decision making before death’, New England Journal of Medicine, 1: 12111218.Google Scholar
TriCentral PC Toolkit (n.d.), Your Guide to Creating an Outpatient Palliative Care Program: Chapter 6: Financing and Reimbursement for Palliative Care, http://www.mywhatever.com/cif_writer/content/22/4498.html [6 December 2010].Google Scholar
University of Michigan (2006), http://www.umed.umich.edu/1libr/aha/umadvisor.htm [29 November 2010].Google Scholar
White, J. (2004), ‘(How) is aging a health policy problem?’, Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law and Ethics, 4: 4768.Google Scholar
Zweifel, P., Felder, S.Meiers, M. (1999), ‘Ageing of population and health care expenditure: a red herring?’, Health Economics, 8: 485496.3.0.CO;2-4>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed