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Communes in Some Latin Poets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 January 2009

D. W. Pye
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Extract

Bycommunis is meant a syllable, not the last syllable of a word nor a prepositional prefix, which may in one context be short, in another long, because it contains a short vowel, this vowel being followed by a mute (which may be represented by more than one character) followed by a liquid. The first two syllables of quadruplicis are communes. In Cicero, Arati Phaenomena 334, this word is scanned with the first syllable long and the second short, and we may say that it contains a long communis followed by a short communis; but in another context the first syllable of this word might be short and the second long, or both might be long. For brevity we may use CR (CCR) to mean long communis (-es) in the rise of a foot (arsis, strong position), CF (CCF) to mean long communis (-es) in the fall of a foot (thesis, weak position).

Type
Research Article
Information
Greece & Rome , Volume 13 , Issue 1 , April 1966 , pp. 33 - 36
Copyright
Copyright © The Classical Association 1966

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References

page 33 note 1 l r; in Greek words also m, n.

page 33 note 2 Cf. xi. 367, 386.

page 33 note 3 aper, Ecl. ii. 59, vii. 29Google Scholar, Geor. iii. 411Google Scholar; cedrus, Geor. ii. 443Google Scholar, iii. 414, Aen. vii. 13, 178Google Scholar, xi. 137; cycnus, Ecl. vii. 38Google Scholar, viii. 55, ix. 29, Geor. ii. 199Google Scholar, Aen. vii. 699Google Scholar, ix. 563, etc.; fibra, Geor. i. 120, 484Google Scholar, iii. 490, Aen. vi. 600Google Scholar, x. 176; hydrus, Geor. ii. 141Google Scholar, iii. 545, iv. 458, Aen. vii. 447, 753Google Scholar; mitra, Aen. iv. 216Google Scholar, ix. 616; pater, Aen. ii. 666Google Scholar, vii. 176, xi. 63, 341, 688; tigris, Geor. ii. 151Google Scholar, iii. 248, iv. 407, 510, Aen. iv. 367Google Scholar, vi. 805, etc.; Atlas, Aen. i. 741Google Scholar, iv. 481, vi. 796, viii. 136,140, 141; Codrus, Ecl. v. IIGoogle Scholar, vii. 22; Daphnis, Ecl. v. 27, 51, 52Google Scholar, vii. i, 7, viii. 85, etc.; Thybris, Aen. ii. 782Google Scholar, iii. 500, v. 83, 797, vi. 87, etc.

page 34 note 1 Phaen. 458, 538, 622, 633, 643, 701.Google Scholar Some dictionaries mark the y long, but at vero serpentis Hydrae caligine caeca (Phaen. 731)Google Scholar shows that Cicero considered it short.

page 34 note 2 Dulcis amica veni …, PLM v. 363.Google Scholar

page 34 note 3 Line 124 in Baiter and Kayser, 's M. Tulli Ciceronis Opera quae supersunt omnia, xi (Leipzig, 1869); cf. 11. 145, 162, 176.Google Scholar In Mueller, L.'s edition (Leipzig, 1898)Google Scholarmigrarat is altered to venisset.

page 34 note 4 For rise and fall in Horace's lyric metres I follow Postgate, J. P., Prosodia Latina (Oxford, 1923), 96 ff.Google Scholar

page 34 note 5 In i. 2. 3; 22. 17; 25. 13; 26. II; 29. 14; 32. II; ii. 8. 3; 13. 29; 17. 21; iii. 8. 7; ii. 13; 27. 23; iv. 4. 58.

page 34 note 6 In ii. 12. 25 and iii. 13. 9. In a recent article, ‘Latin 3rd Plural Perfect Indicative Active—Its Endings in Verse Usage’, TPhS (1963), 24Google Scholar, I expressed a view about Virgil's pronunciation of dederunt. I now suggest that Horace in pronouncing flagrare liked to separate the g from the following r. He uses the word five times. In Epod. 5.81 the first syllable of flagres may be short (cf. line 7 of the same epode, where decus, like flagres, fills the 5th foot of an iambic trimeter) but is at least as likely to be CF; in the other four cases (Sat. i. 4. 125Google Scholar; Odes i. 25. 13Google Scholar; ii. 12. 25; iii. 13. 9) the first syllable is CF. Of the eleven CCF in Catullus' hexameters and elegiacs, four are provided by flagrare.

page 34 note 7 Notice, for instance, the use of parts of niger at the beginning of pherecrateans and lesser asclepiads in Odes i. 5. 7Google Scholar; 6. 15; 21. 7; 24. 18.

page 35 note 1 Inst. x. I. 93.Google Scholar

page 35 note 2 In i. 1. 41; 1. 59; ii. 3. 3; 4. 30.

page 35 note 3 Their author is ‘undoubtedly Tibullus’, says Hammer, J. in Oxford Classical DictionaryGoogle Scholar, s.v. Tibullus.

page 35 note 4 In iii. 8. 19.

page 35 note 5 iii. 2. 18; 3. 15; 3. 37, with -que; 4. 17; 4. 77; 5. 3; 5. 5;, 5. 15; 5. 33; 6. 15.

page 35 note 6 No other part of tenebrae occurs.

page 35 note 7 It may be of interest that no elegiac poem in any of the books of Tibullus contains a communis of which the liquid is l.

page 35 note 8 The use of communes in Heroides 15—21Google Scholar is similar to that in Ovid's work generally.

page 35 note 9 The only first foot CF in Valerius.

page 35 note 10 patr(i), vii. 550, is a conjecture.Google Scholar

page 36 note 1 For a list of such restrictions in usage see Kühner, R., Ausführliche Grammatik der lateinischen Sprache, i (Hanover, 1912), 228.Google Scholar (rῠbro is a misprint for rῡbro.)