Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T01:59:43.506Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Building Democracy . . . Which Democracy? Ideology and Models of Democracy in Post-Transition Latin America

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 April 2015

Abstract

Politics in Latin America continued to be about democracy after the democratic transitions in Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s. An old concern – securing the minimal standard of democracy that had served as the goal of democratic transitions – remained relevant. But a new concern – the attainment of more than a minimal democracy – transformed politics about democracy. Actors who supported and opposed neoliberalism – the key axis of ideological conflict – advocated and resisted political changes in the name of different models of democracy. And the conflict over which model of democracy would prevail shaped Latin America’s post-transition trajectories, determining how democracy developed and, in turn, whether democracy endured.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s) 2015.

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Gerardo L. Munck is Professor at the School of International Relations, University of Southern California. Contact email: [email protected].

References

Acemoglu, D. and Robinson, J.A. (2006), Economic Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (New York: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Barrueto, F. and Navia, P. (2013), ‘Tipologías de Democracia Representativa en América Latina’, Política y Gobierno, 20(2): 265307.Google Scholar
Bobbio, N. (1996), Right and Left: The Significance of a Political Distinction (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).Google Scholar
Boix, C. (2003), Democracy and Redistribution (New York: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bresser-Pereira, C.L., Maravall, J.M. and Przeworski, A. (1993), Economic Reform in New Democracies: A Social-Democratic Approach (New York: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Cameron, M.A. (2014), ‘The Myth of Competitive Authoritarianism in the Andes’, unpublished paper, University of British Columbia.Google Scholar
Caputo, D. (2011), ‘El desarrollo democrático en América Latina: Entre la crisis de legitimidad y la crisis de sustentabilidad’, Revista SAAP, 5(2): 437452.Google Scholar
Cavarozzi, M. (1992), ‘Beyond Transitions to Democracy in Latin America’, Journal of Latin American Studies, 24(3): 665684.Google Scholar
Collier, R.B. and Collier, D. (1991), Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and the Regime Dynamics in Latin America (Princeton: Princeton University Press).Google Scholar
Consejo para la Consolidación de la Democracia (1988), Presidencialismo vs. parlamentarismo: Materiales para el estudio de la reforma constitucional (Buenos Aires: EUDEBA).Google Scholar
de la Torre, C. (2013), ‘In the Name of the People: Democratization, Popular Organizations, and Populism in Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador’, European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies, 95: 2748.Google Scholar
Doorenspleet, R. (2015), ‘Where are the People? A Call for People-Centred Concepts and Measurements of Democracy’, Governmen t and Opposition , 50(3) (in this issue).Google Scholar
Edwards, S. (1995), Crisis and Reform in Latin America: From Despair to Hope (New York: Oxford University Press and World Bank).Google Scholar
Edwards, S. (2010), Left Behind: Latin America and the False Promise of Populism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).Google Scholar
Escaith, H. and Paunovic, I. (2004), Reformas Estructurales en América Latina y el Caribe en el Período 1970–2000: Indices y Notas Metodológicas (Santiago: ECLAC).Google Scholar
Flores-Macías, G.A. (2012), After Neoliberalism? The Left and Economic Reforms in Latin America (New York: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Gargarella, R. (2010), The Legal Foundations of Inequality: Constitutionalism in the Americas 1776–1860 (New York: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gargarella, R. (2013), Latin American Constitutionalism (1810–2010): The Engine Room of the Constitution (Oxford: Oxford University Press).Google Scholar
Garretón, M.A. (2007), Del post-pinochetismo a la sociedad democrática: Globalización y Política en el bicentenario (Santiago: Random House Mondadori).Google Scholar
Garretón, M.A. (2012), Neoliberalismo corregido y progresismo limitado: Los gobiernos de la concertación en Chile, 1990–2010 (Santiago: Editorial Arcis and CLACSO).Google Scholar
Garretón, M.A., Cavarozzi, M., Cleaves, P.S., Gereffi, G. and Hartlyn, J. (2003), Latin America in the Twenty-First Century: Toward a New Sociopolitical Matrix (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner).Google Scholar
Godoy Arcaya, O. (1990) (ed.), Hacia una Democracia Moderna: La Opción Parlamentaria (Santiago: Ediciones Universidad Católica de Chile).Google Scholar
Harnecker, M. (2007), Rebuilding the Left (London: Zed Books).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huber, E. and Stephens, J.D. (2012), Democracy and the Left: Social Policy and Inequality in Latin America (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Insulza, J.M. (2014), ‘Sólo el diálogo puede cambiar la dinámica de confrontación’, El País, 26 February.Google Scholar
Krauze, E. (1984), ‘Por una democracia sin adjetivos’, Vuelta, 9(86): 413.Google Scholar
Laclau, E. (2005), On Populist Reason (London: Verso).Google Scholar
Laclau, E. (2006), ‘La deriva populista y la centroizquierda latinoamericana’, Nueva Sociedad, 205: 5661.Google Scholar
Lijphart, A. (1977), Democracy in Plural Societies: A Comparative Exploration (New Haven: Yale University Press).Google Scholar
Linz, J.J. (1978), The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Crisis, Breakdown, and Reequilibriation (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press).Google Scholar
Mazzuca, S.L. (2013), ‘The Rise of Rentier Populism’, Journal of Democracy, 24(4): 108122.Google Scholar
Morley, S.A., Machado, R. and Pettinato, S. (1999), Indexes of Structural Reform in Latin America (Santiago: ECLAC).Google Scholar
Munck, G.L. (2009), Measuring Democracy: A Bridge between Scholarship and Politics (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press).Google Scholar
Munck, G.L. (2014), ‘What is Democracy? A Reconceptualization of the Quality of Democracy’, Democratization, published early online, June, doi: 10.1080/13510347.2014.918104.Google Scholar
Murillo, M.V., Oliveros, V. and Vaishnav, M. (2010), ‘Dataset on Political Ideology of Presidents and Parties in Latin America’, Columbia University, http://mariavictoriamurillo.com/data/ or www.virginiaoliveros.com.Google Scholar
Nun, J. (2003), Democracy: Government of the People or Government of the Politicians? (Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield).Google Scholar
O’Donnell, G. (1994), ‘Delegative Democracy’, Journal of Democracy, 5(1): 5569.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Donnell, G. (2007), Dissonances: Democratic Critiques of Democracy (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press).Google Scholar
O’Donnell, G. and Schmitter, P. (1986), Transitions from Authoritarian Rule: Tentative Conclusions about Uncertain Democracies (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press).Google Scholar
O’Donnell, G., Cullell, J.V. and Iazzetta, O. (eds) (2004), The Quality of Democracy: Theory and Applications (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pisarello, G. (2012), Un largo Termidor: Historia y Crítica del Constitucionalismo Antidemocrático (Quito: Corte Constitucional para el Período de Transición).Google Scholar
Przeworski, A. (1985), Capitalism and Social Democracy (New York: Cambridge University Press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Santos, B.S. and Avritzer, L. (2007), ‘Introduction: Opening Up the Canon of Democracy’, in B.S. Santos (ed.), Dem ocratizing Democracy: Beyond the Liberal Democratic Canon (New York: Verso): xxxivlxxiv.Google Scholar
Touraine, A. (1989), América Latina: Política y Sociedad (Madrid: Espasa-Calpe).Google Scholar
Unger, R.M. (1987), False Necessity: Anti-Necessitarian Social Theory in the Service of Radical Democracy (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).Google Scholar
Unger, R.M. (1990), A Alternative Transformadora: Como Democratizar o Brasil (Rio de Janeiro: Editora Guanabara Koogan).Google Scholar
Unger, R.M. (1998), Democracy Realized: The Progressive Alternative (London: Verso).Google Scholar
Vargas Llosa, M. (2009), Sables y Utopías: Visiones de América Latina (Madrid: Aguilar).Google Scholar
Walker, I. (2013), Democracy in Latin America: Between Hope and Despair (Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press).Google Scholar
Weffort, F.C. (1992), New Democracies, Which Democracies?, Working Paper 198 (Washington: Latin American Program, Woodrow Wilson Center).Google Scholar