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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 18 May 2009
In the equation
dis any positive integer which is not a perfect square. For convenience we shall consider only those solutions of (1) for which x and yare both positive. All the others can be obtained from these. In fact, it is well known that if (x0, y0) is the minimum positive integer solution of (1), then all integer solutions (x, y) are given by
and, in particular, all positive integer solutions are given by