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Comment on Atina Krajewska – Plural Concepts of Human Dignity and the Constitutional Treaty

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 March 2019

Felix Arndt

Abstract

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Type
Part III: Sectoral Differentiation in the Constitution
Information
German Law Journal , Volume 6 , Issue 11: The Unity of the European Constitution: 2nd German-Polish Seminar on the Constitutional Law of the European Union , 01 November 2005 , pp. 1711 - 1718
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 by German Law Journal GbR 

References

1 Simitis, Spiros, A Convention on Cloning – Annotations to an almost Unsolvable Dilemma, in Human Dignity and Human Cloning 167, 169 (Vöneky & Wolfrum eds., 2004).Google Scholar

2 For comparative studies see Deryck Beyleveld et al., The Regulation of Embryo Research in Europe, in Human Embryo Research in Pluralistic Europe 111-155 (Solter et al. eds., 2003); Kristiane Weber-Hassemer, Die ethisch-rechtliche Diskussion. Ein internationaler Vergleich, in Klonen in biomedizinischer Forschung und Reproduktion 361-366 (Honnefelder et al. eds., 2003); Hans-Georg Koch, Embryonenschutz ohne Grenzen?, in Festschrift Eser 1091, 1106 (2004). For the German debate see National Ethics Council, Opinions on the Import of Human Embryonic Stem Cells (2001), on Genetic Diagnosis before and during Pregnancy (2003), and on Cloning (2004), available at http://www.nationalerethikrat.de. See also Christian Starck, Jörn Ipsen, Horst Dreier, and Wolfgang Graf Vitzthum, in Human Dignity and Human Cloning, supra note 1, at 63, 69, 77 and 87. For a monographic discussion see Jens Kersten, Das Klonen von Menschen (2004). In Switzerland, a law permitting a limited creation of embryonic stem cells was adopted in a referendum on 28 November 2004.Google Scholar

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4 It is, for example, controversial, if the entities produced with cell-transfer cloning should be governed by the same rules as those produced by embryo-splitting. See Koch, supra note 2, at 1114; Jens Reich, Empirische Totipotenz und metaphysische Gattungszugehörigkeit bei der Beurteilung des vorgeburtlichen menschlichen Lebens, 50 Zeitschrift für medizinische Ethik 115, 129 (2004).Google Scholar

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9 See e.g., the introduction of the freedom of information with reference to the Charter of Fundamental Rights by the Tribunal Constitucional, 30 November 2000 (No. STC-292, para. II-8), for an English translation see The Relationship between European Community Law and National Law: The Cases Volume 2 (Oppenheimer ed., 2003).Google Scholar

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12 Stammzellgesetz, 28 June 2002, Bundesgesetzblatt I 2277 (for a translation see the annex V 19 of Human Dignity and Human Cloning, supra note 1).Google Scholar

13 On the penalisation of accessories see Albin Eser & Hans-Georg Koch, Forschung mit embryonalen Stammzellen im In- und Ausland 87 (2003).Google Scholar

14 Case C-36/02, Omega Spielhallen- und Automatenaufstellungs GmbH v. Oberbürgermeisterin der Bundesstadt Bonn, 2004 E.C.R. I-9609, paras. 37-38.Google Scholar

15 For a different view see Jürgen Bröhmer, Case note on Case C-36/02, 15 Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht 755, 757 (2004). Bröhmer misinterprets the reach of the ECJ's finding that “measures which are incompatible with observance of the human rights thus recognised are not acceptable in the Community”, Case C-112/00, Schmidberger v. Republik Österreich, 2003 E.C.R. I-5659, para. 73.Google Scholar

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17 Martin Borowski, , Art. 1 CGREU, Kommentar zur Charta der Grundrechte der Europäischen Union (Meyer ed. 2003), para. 40. For the German case see Horst Dreier, Article 1(1) GG, 1 Grundgesetz-Kommentar, (idem ed., 2nd ed. 2004), paras. 132-134.Google Scholar

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19 The ECJ can review the legality of acts under Article I-59 CT solely in respect of the procedural stipulations, cf. Article III-371 CT.Google Scholar

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21 Arguably, Articles III-251/252 are even lex specialis to Article III-172, see Martin Nettesheim, Kompetenzen, Europäisches Verfassungsrecht 415, 474 (v. Bogdandy ed. 2003), an English version in Principles of European Constitutional Law (v. Bogdandy & Bast eds., forthcoming).Google Scholar

22 BVerfGE 88, 203 (315) (F.R.G.) on the financing of abortion.Google Scholar

23 Case C-377/98, Kingdom of the Netherlands v. European Parliament and Council, 2001 E.C.R. I-7079, paras. 70-77; Markus Rau & Frank Schorkopf, Der EuGH und die Menschenwürde, 55 Neue Juristische Wochenschrift 2448-2449 (2002).Google Scholar

24 Denninger, , supra note 3, at 201; Kersten, supra note 2, at 115.Google Scholar

25 Vo v. France, App. No. 53924/00 at para. 85 (Eur. Ct. H.R. 8 July 2004).Google Scholar

26 Denninger, , supra note 3, at 196.Google Scholar

27 But see Helmuth Schulze-Fielitz, Verfassungsvergleichung als Einbahnstraße?, Verfassung im Diskurs der Welt 355-379, 372 (Blankenagel et al. eds., 2004); Dreier, supra note 17, at note 285, who use comparative law as an argument for a more liberal position.Google Scholar