The occurrence of fossil reptiles in the Lower Miocene of Moghara in Egypt has already been referred to in a paper published in the last volume of this journal (1899, p. 481), where a short account of the deposits in which the remains are found has been given. The specimens which have been received from Captain H. G. Lyons, R.E., Director-General of the Egyptian Geological Survey, include bones and scutes of Crocodile, Trionyx, and of the Chelonian which forms the subject of the present notice. Of the two former the remains are too imperfect for determination, and further material is desirable; but in the case of the last it has been found possible to reconstruct the plastron and most of the carapace, and from these it can be shown that this Chelonian belonged to the Pleuradiran group, and is referable to the genus Podocnemis, forming a new species, to which the name Podocnemis ægyptiaca may be applied. At the present day the genus is found only in South America and Madagascar, but, as in many other cases in which the modern representatives of a group are confined to the Southern Hemisphere, where they may occur in widely separated areas, in the Tertiary period species existed in the Northern Hemisphere.

The specimens dealt with in this paper were collected by the Officers of the Geological Survey of Egypt, and I have been requested by Dr. H. Woodward, on behalf of Captain H. G. Lyons, R.E., F.G.S., the Director-General, to give an account of the various species of Foraminifera met with during the progress of the Survey.

The subject of denudation is so important that I propose giving a few instances of denudation and of the transport of material that have actually come under my own observation or that of my friends. Where one sees the same familiar crags and pinnacles year after year, apparently quite unchanged, one may perchance fancy that denudation is at a standstill; but anyone who, in scrambling across the screes that clothe many a steep hillside, finds them moving beneath his feet, or perhaps has clattering about his ears a shower of stones dislodged by some wandering sheep, will at once perceive that it is not so: for it is obvious that if the mere tread of such a small beast as a sheep, shepherd or other pedestrian, can set scree rolling downhill, it must be in a very unstable state, and may be expected to move in a conspicuous manner under more potent forces than the tread of animals. Observation shows that this is the case. Not a year passes without some conspicuous fall of scree or of solid rock, owing chiefly to great downpours of rain. Leaving general statements, I will now give actual instances of the fall of rock or movement of scree that have recently taken place in the Snowdon district.

The low, but rocky headland of Dwlban Point forms the western corner of Red Wharf Bay, on the east coast of Anglesey; and is on the coastline of the principal tract of Carboniferous rocks in the island, not very far from the boundary fault which runs out to sea beneath the sands of the bay. The Carboniferous Limestone near the Point is for the most part a light-grey, crystalline rock, with abundant crinoids, corals, and other marine fossils. There are, however, four beds of sandstone, varying from 2 to 9 feet thick, and some of the Limestone itself also contains scattered grains of quartz. The sandstones are clean white rocks, generally fine, but with occasional thin seams of small pebbles.

The Limestone of the foreshore at Dwlban Point is magnificently glaciated, the ice-worn surfaces being preserved for a distance of some yards from the Boulder-clay. The striæ where undeflected run N.N.E.-S.S.W., which is in agreement with the general direction of the glaciation on that part of the coast.

The following particulars of a boring for water made at Puys, near Dieppe, in 1898 have been communicated to me by Messrs. Legrand and Sutcliff, and as they appear to indicate a succession of beds very similar to that occurring beneath Dover, the present seems a fitting occasion for placing on record a brief account of the boring.