Twenty-seven specific and subspecific names have been proposed for discocyclines from the Indian region. Only 18 of them are considered to be valid. The morphological features used for distinguishing these forms are listed and their distribution in different parts of this region is described. On the basis of the character of the megalospheric embryonic apparatus, size of the test and the thickness of the equatorial chamber layer they are arranged in three groups. The tentative phylogeny of these three closely related groups of forms is discussed.

The Upper Palaeozoic rocks in the Aljustrel area of South Portugal suffered strong Hercynian deformation, including isoclinal overturned shearfolding of two important thrust planes bringing sub-Culm strata over Culm.

The granitic sheets of Tremearne are believed to have originated from the roof of the Tregonning granite and to have undergone lateral differentiation from leucogranite to aplite with associated pegmatite in a direction away from this granite. Several types of banding are described from the pegmatite-rich region at the Megiliggar Rocks. Some decimetre-scale banding is the result of intrusion of “magmatic” aplitic material, but coarse pegmatite bands are believed to have grown in solid aplite. A close examination of centimetre-scale banding and fine-banding in aplite (line rock) indicates that this is related to pegmatite development and is metasomatic. The mobility of alkalies and the concentration of potash in pegmatite relative to aplite is discussed.

Ignotrypa multivincula gen. et sp. nov., (Polyzoa, Cryptostomata), is described and figured from the Lower Devonian Garra and Nubrigyn Formations of central western New South Wales. It has a typical fenestrate meshwork but the carinae are thickened and joined laterally by numerous connections.

Breadcrust blocks (bombs) on Vulcano, Sicily, show features which indicate that when they were of viscous lava they broke when stress was applied rapidly, and later flowed when it was applied slowly. If the magma of granitic intrusions behaves similarly, the perplexing “relict dykes” can be explained as due to the breaking of the magma and the injection of dykes into the fractures.

Seismic refraction surveys of the buried channels of the Exe near Exmouth indicate the presence of an early period of channelling into New Red Sandstone breccias to a base in excess of −52 m* followed by a period of gravel infilling of these channels and then their partial re-excavation to a base in excess of −30 m. Terraces formed during stillstands within the early regression occur at depths of −25, −31·4, and −36 m and within the later regression at −5·8, −10.4, −13.7, −17·1, −22 and −27·1 m. Control of the orientation of the channels by fault planes within the New Red Sandstone is also indicated. Correlation of the periods of channelling with early and late Weichselian sea-level lows is suggested, indicating a middle Weichselian (Paudorfian) age for the gravels. Similarities with buried channels occurring in Southern Ireland are noted and wider correlations attempted.

Although Thomacystis is clearly a hemicosmitid cystoid, it cannot be included within existing families, and the new family Thomacystidae is therefore proposed to accommodate it.

Eight species of foraminifera from the Manchester Marl are described and foraminifera recently discovered in the Magnesian Limestone of both the West Cumberland and the Eden Valley areas are also mentioned. All the described forms are similar to, and some are possibly conspecific with, foraminifera previously recorded from the Lower Magnesian Limestone of north-eastern England or Zechstein 1 of north-western Germany.