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I.—On the Surface-Geology of the Neighbourhood of Cross Fell, in Cumberland1

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

C. E. De Rance
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Extract

The eastern margin of the Vale of Eden, in the neighbourhood of Blencairn, Ousby, and Melmerby, is abruptly terminated by a steep and lofty escarpment, which rises to an eminence of 2892 feet at Cross Fell, 2331 feet at Melberby Fell, and 2082 feet at Fiends Fell, the elevations between these points being nearly as great. Eastwards, from the top of the escarpment, a large expanse of elevated moorlands slope gradually towards the North Sea.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 10 , Issue 110 , August 1873 , pp. 337 - 341
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1873

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Footnotes

1

The notes on the Cross Fell district were chiefly made during a holiday expedition into that country in July, 1872, and partly when in the adjacent country with Prof. Hull, F.R.S., in April of the same year.

References

page 338 note 1 Every peat-covered plateau, in fact, acts precisely as an ordinary sponge filled with water; never giving off any considerable streams, save after rains, when the spongy mass is surcharged with moisture and pours into the Dales those peat-stained moorland waters which painters love so dearly to depict.—Edit. Geol. Mag.

page 338 note 2 From one of these sections Prof. Nicholson obtained Agnostus Morei, Salt., and other rare fossils.

page 339 note 1 In addition to the great watershed running along the Cross Fell range in a general N.N.W. direction, separating the waters that flow into the North and Irish Seas, another originates in the terraced scars of that mountain, running a little north of east, separating the valleys of the Tees and the South Tyne, passing near the source of the latter river to Bel Beaver, on which is some evidence of an old camp, from whence it turns northward to Burnhope Seat (2452), and runs along that range of hills (the boundary between Durham and Cumberland, and afterwards, further north, between the former and Northumberland), parting the waters of Weardale from those of the rivers East and West Allen.