Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-ndw9j Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T05:06:02.881Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Experimental study of interaction between hydrous granite melt and amphibolite

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

Michael J. Rutter  and
Peter J. Wyllie
Michael J. Rutter
Affiliation:
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology170–25, Pasadena, CA 91125, U.S.A.
Peter J. Wyllie
Affiliation:
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology170–25, Pasadena, CA 91125, U.S.A.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

We have investigated the reaction between crystalline amphibolite and hydrous granite melt in static experiments at 810 °C and 1.5 kbar. Boundary layer concentration gradients in quenched silicate glass for the major element oxides and the volatile components, water and carbon dioxide, were measured using electron probe analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, respectively. We found a measurable change in the concentration of all components adjacent to the amphibolite in experiments of 66 and 330 hours duration. After I hour there was no detectable change in the concentration of major element oxides in the granitic glass, but steep concentration profiles were determined for carbon dioxide and water. A bubble-free zone developed adjacent to the amphibolite in the 66 hour experiment, and this zone increased in width after 330 hours. Reaction is controlled by dissolution of amphibolite and by transport of dissolved material through the granite melt. The rate-controlling process is chemical diffusion in the melt phase. Results confirm that in the absence of convective heat transfer and/or mechanical disaggregation of mafic inclusions, assimilation of mafic rocks by granite melt is very slow, corresponding to on the order of 10 mm for SiO2 in 1000 years.

Type
Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 126 , Issue 6 , November 1989 , pp. 633 - 646
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1989

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bacon, C. R. 1986. Magmatic inclusions in silicic and intermediate volcanic rocks. Journal of Geophysical Research 91, 6091–112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baker, D. R., Watson, E. B., Rivers, M. L. & Sutton, S. R. 1987. Diffusion of Si, Al, Cl, Fe, Zn, Mn, Y, Zr and Nb in halogen-bearing rhyolites. Materials Research Society Abstracts, 1987, 302.Google Scholar
Bateman, P. C., Clark, L. D., Huber, N. K., Moore, J. G. & Rinehart, C. D. 1963. The Sierra Nevada Batholith: a synthesis of recent work across the central part. Professional Paper of the United States Geological Survey, no. 414D.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, N. L. 1921. Diffusion in silicate melts. Journal of Geology 29, 295–317.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, G. C. 1979. The changing pattern of batholith emplacement during Earth history. In The Origin of Granite Batholiths (eds Atherton, M. P., Tarney, J.), pp. 106–15. Cheshire: Shiva.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burnham, C. W. 1979. Magmas and hydrothermal fluids. In Geochemistry of Hydrothermal Ore Deposits (ed. Barnes, H. L.), pp. 34–76. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Burnham, C. W. & Jahns, R. H. 1962. A method for detecting the solubility of water in silicate melts. American Journal of Science 260, 721–45Google Scholar
Carroll, M. R. & Wyllie, P. J. 1988. Flow in an experimental micro-magma chamber. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 69, pp. 579, 588, 592.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chappell, B. W., White, A. J. R. & Wyborn, D. 1987. The importance of residual source material (restite) in granite petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology 28, 1111–38.Google Scholar
Donaldson, C. H. 1985. The rates of dissolution of olivine, plagioclase and quartz in a basalt melt. Mineralogical Magazine 49, 683–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ellis, D. J. & Thompson, A. B., 1986. Subsolidus and partial melting reactions in the quartz-excess CaO + MgO+Al2O3+SiO2+H2O system under waterexcess and water-deficient conditions to 10 kbar: some implications for the origin of peraluminous melts from mafic rocks. Journal of Petrology 27, 91–121.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eugster, H. P. & Wones, D. R. 1962. Stability relations of the ferruginous biotite, annite. Journal of Petrology 3, 82–125.Google Scholar
Fine, G. & Stolper, E. M. 1985. The speciation of carbon dioxide in sodium aluminosilicate glasses. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 91, 105–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hofmann, A. W. 1980. Diffusion in natural silicate melts: a critical review. In Physics of Magmatic Processes (ed. Yoder, H. S.), p. 385–417. Princeton: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Holloway, J. R. & Lewis, C. F. 1974. CO2 solubility in hydrous albite liquid at 5 kbar. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 55, 483.Google Scholar
Johnston, A. D. & Wyllie, P. J. 1988. Interaction of granite and basic magmas: experimental observations on contamination processes at 10 kbar with H2O. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 98, 352–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kuo, L-C & Kirkpatrick, R. J. 1983. Kinetics of crystal dissolution in the system diopside-forsterite-silica. EOS, Transactions of the American Geophysical Union 64, 349.Google Scholar
Lambert, I. B. & Wyllie, P. J. 1972. Melting of gabbro (quartz-eclogite) with excess water to 35 kbar, with geological applications. Journal of Geology 80, 693–708.Google Scholar
Marsh, B. D. 1987. Magmatic processes. Reviews of Geophysics 25, 1043–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oishi, Y., Cooper, A. R. & Kingery, W. D. 1965. Dissolution in ceramic systems: III. Boundary layer concentration gradients. Journal of the American Ceramic Society 48, 88–95.Google Scholar
Piwinskii, A. J. 1968. Experimental studies of igneous rock series: Central Sierra Nevada Batholith, California. Journal of Geology 76, 548–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, M. A., Walker, D., Grove, T. L. & Mays, J. F. 1980. Cation diffusion in basaltic melts: measurements from crystal-liquid boundary layers in controlled cooling experiments. Geological Society of America, Abstracts with Programs 12, 502.Google Scholar
Robertson, J. K. & Wyllie, P. J. 1971 a. Experimental studies on rocks from the Deboullie Stock, northern Maine, including melting relations in the water-deficient environment. Journal of Geology 79, 549–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, J. K. & Wyllie, P. J. 1971 b. Rock-water systems with special reference to the water-deficient region. American Journal of Science 271, 252–77.Google Scholar
Ryerson, F. J. & Hess, P. J. 1978. Implications of liquid-liquid distribution coefficients to mineral-liquid partitioning. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 42, 921–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sparks, R. S. J. & Marshall, L. A. 1986. Thermal and mechanical constraints on mixing between mafic and silicic magmas. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 29, 99–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sparks, R. S. J., Huppert, H. E. & Turner, J. S. 1984. The fluid dynamics of evolving magma chambers. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A310, 511–34.Google Scholar
Stolper, E. M. 1982. Water in silicate glasses: an infrared spectroscopic study. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 81, 1–17.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wall, V. J., Clemens, J. D. & Clarke, D. B. 1987. Models for granitoid evolution and source compositions. Journal of Geology 95, 731–49.Google Scholar
Watson, E. B. 1976. Two liquid partition coefficients: experimental data and geochemical implications. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 56, 119–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, E. B. 1979. Calcium diffusion in a simple silicate melt to 30 kbar. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43, 313–22.Google Scholar
Watson, E. B. 1981. Diffusion in magmas at depth in the Earth: the effects of pressure and dissolved water. Earth and Planetary Sciences Letters 52, 291–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watson, E. B. 1982. Basalt contamination by continental crust: some experiments and models. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 80, 73–87.Google Scholar
Watson, E. B. & Jurewicz, J. R. 1984. Behaviour of alkalis during diffusive interaction of xenoliths with basaltic magma. Journal of Geology 92, 121–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitney, J. A. 1975. The effects of pressure, temperature and X H2O on phase assemblages in four synthetic rock compositions. Journal of Geology 83, 1–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wyllie, P. J. & Drever, H. I. 1963. The petrology of picritic rocks; a picritic sill on the island of Soay (Hebrides). Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Earth Sciences 65, 155–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
YoderH. S., Jnr. H. S., Jnr. 1973. Contemporaneous basaltic and rhyolitic magmas. American Mineralogist 58, 153–71.Google Scholar
Yoder, H. S. Jnr, & Tilley, C. E. 1962. Origin of basalt magmas: an experimental study of natural and synthetic rock systems. Journal of Petrology 3, 342–532.Google Scholar