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Dimitobelidae—a new family of Cretaceous Belemnites

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 May 2009

F. W. Whitehouse
F. W. Whitehouse
Affiliation:
St. John's College, Cambridge.
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Extract

The Cretaceous beds of the Southern Hemisphere contain a peculiar group of Belemnites which differs from all contemporary families previously described in that a ventral groove is never present. Hitherto, the individual species have been recorded either under the generalized name of Belemnites or else as members of such pre-existing genera as Actinocamax. In 1917, however, the independence of the group was recognized by Woods, who remarked that “ It is probable that the group of species to which B. lindsayi belongs should be regarded as a special section of Belemnites ”.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 61 , Issue 9 , September 1924 , pp. 410 - 416
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1924

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References

page 410 note 1 Woods, H., “ The Cret. Faunas of the N.E. por. of S. Island of New Zealand ”: N.Z. Geol Surv. Pal. Bull., iv, 1917, p. 37.Google Scholar

page 410 note 2 See Tenison-Woods, J. E., “ On some Mesozoic Foss. from Cent. Aust.,” Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., 1883, viii, 2, pp. 235–42, pls. 1–2;Google Scholar also Etheridge, R. Jr., “ Mon. Cret. Invert. Fauna, N.S. Wales ”: Mem. Geol. Surv. N.S.W. Pal., No. 11, p. 48, pls. vi–viii.Google Scholar

page 410 note 3 Phillips, J., “ Australian Belemnites ”: Q.J.G.S., xxvi, 1870, p. 258, pl. xvi, figs. 1, 2, 6, only. Tate's name B. eremos (Rep. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., 1888, i, p. 229) was proposed for Phillips' B. cf. paxillosus Schloth. (Phillips, loc. cit., fig. 6), which is merely the young stage of B. australis; so that the name eremos must be abandoned.Google Scholar

page 410 note 4 The evidence for the age and divisions of the Rolling Downs will be published elsewhere. It may be stated, however, that the lower (Up. Aptian) series contains the Ammonite genera Aconeceras, Sanmartinoceras, Tropaeum. etc.

page 412 note 1 As Stolley has pointed out (“Die Systematik d. Belem,” 11 Jahrb. d. niedersächs. geol. Ver., 1919), there has been a great amount of confusion in the use of Belemnite terminology. The term “ lateral lines ” is here used as an equivalent of his “ Doppellinien ”.

page 412 note 2 The “ Pseudoalveole ” and “ Nadelspitze ” of Stolley (“ Studien an. Belem. d. unt. Kreide Norddeut, ” Q.J.G.S., vol. iv, 1911, p. 185, etc.).Google Scholar

page 412 note 3 Tate, R., “ Descr. new sp. Belemnite from Mesozoic strata, Cent. Aust..”: Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust., iii, 1880, p. 104Google Scholar, pl. iv. Specimens of D. canhami have been sent to me by Mr. M. S. Browne from a locality 23 miles S. of Tambo (Queensland) in association with an unnamed species of Inflaticeras. Elsewhere in this area the species has U. Albian associates. The species has been erroneously quoted from the Maryborough area in Queensland (Richards, : Rep. Aust. Ass. Adv. Sci., xiv, 1913, p. 182Google Scholar) where only the lower (Aptian) series is developed. The bed from which the specimens were derived represents the horizon at which Peratobelus australis occurs; and, since the two species were originally regarded as identical by Phillips, it is possibly the latter species which occurs in the bed.

page 412 note 4 Described in a paper appearing shortly in the Trans. Roy. Soc. South Australia.

page 412 note 5 See Woods, loc. cit., p. 12, pl. v, figs. 5–7.

page 412 note 6 A similar early stage in the formation of the pseudalveolus occurs in the genus Neohibolites. See Stolley, , loc. cit., 1911, p. 186.Google Scholar

page 413 note 1 It has not been found possible (at present) to subdivide the lineage of D. canhami owing to the apparently perfect gradation. Thus the specific name is used to cover the range of variation limited by forms such as those of Figs. 2 and 3.

page 413 note 2 Stolley, , loc. cit., 1911, p. 186.Google Scholar

page 413 note 3 It should be noted also that Prell has been led to the conclusion that there was no rostrum in the embryonic condition of the belemnites. See Prell, H., “Über d. Schale v. Spirula u. ihren Verwandten.,” Centralb. f. Min., etc., Bd. xxii, 1921, pp. 215–21.Google Scholar

page 413 note 4 See Blanford and Stoliczka, “ Ceph. Cret. S. India ”: Pal. Indica, 1861, pp. 4 and 202, pl. i, figs, xliii–li; pl. ii, fig. viii; and also E. Spengler: Beit. z. Pal. u. Geol. Österr-Ung. u. d. Orients, xxiii, 1910, p. 153, pl. xiv, fig. vii.

page 413 note 5 Gürich, G., “ Jura. u. Devon. Foss. v. White Cliffs, Australia ”: Neu. Jahrb. f. Min., etc., B. Bd., xiv, 1901, p. 489, pl, xix, figs. 2–3.Google Scholar

page 414 note 1 Etheridge, loc. cit., pl. ix, figs. 3, 4.

page 414 note 2 Stolley, , loc. cit., 1919, p. 46.Google Scholar

page 414 note 3 See Woods, , loc. cit., p. 36, pl. xx, figs. 6–11.Google Scholar

page 414 note 4 A single specimen found in the Belemnitella mucronata zone of Norfolk may, however, be a member of the family, but its position will be discussed in a future paper.

page 415 note 1 Kitchin, F. L., “ Invert. Fauna and Pal. Relations of the Uitenhage Series ”: Ann. S. African Museum, vii, No. 3, 1909, p. 210.Google Scholar

page 415 note 2 In the opinion of the writer it is unnatural to remove the Hastatidae from their descendant, the Belemnitellidae, as a separate family as Stolley has done.

page 415 note 3 This genus possesses antero-lateral grooves (four) only.