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Multicuspid tooth morphology in a gigantic Palaeocene pycnodont fish: evolutionary and palaeoecological significance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 July 2019

Romain Vullo Open the ORCID record for Romain Vullo [Opens in a new window] ,
Nathalie Bardet ,
Emmanuel Gheerbrant  and
Nour-Eddine Jalil
Romain Vullo*
Affiliation:
Univ Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes, UMR 6118, 35000 Rennes, France
Nathalie Bardet
Affiliation:
CR2P, UMR 7207, MNHN–CNRS–Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP38, 75005 Paris, France
Emmanuel Gheerbrant
Affiliation:
CR2P, UMR 7207, MNHN–CNRS–Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP38, 75005 Paris, France
Nour-Eddine Jalil
Affiliation:
CR2P, UMR 7207, MNHN–CNRS–Sorbonne Université, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, CP38, 75005 Paris, France BioDEcos, Department of Geology, FSSM–UCAM, BP2390, Marrakesh, Morocco
*
Author for correspondence: Romain Vullo, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

A pycnodont premaxilla bearing a large incisiform tooth with an unusual crown morphology is described from the Palaeocene (Thanetian) phosphate deposits of Morocco. This peculiar tooth shows a broad, fan-shaped multicuspid crown with nine cusps, well adapted for benthic macroalgal scraping. This morph, assigned to a new species of Pycnodus (P. multicuspidatus sp. nov.), emphasizes the phenotypic plasticity of the group and documents an additional trophic specialization among Palaeogene pycnodontiform fishes. In the post-K/Pg boundary marine ecosystem of the Ouled Abdoun Basin, P. multicuspidatus sp. nov. may have opportunistically replaced Maastrichtian fish taxa with a similar front dentition and feeding behaviour, such as the putative specialized pycnodontiforms Stephanodus and Hadrodus.

Keywords

Actinopterygiipycnodontiformesdentitiontrophic specializationPalaeogeneMorocco
Type
Rapid Communication
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 156 , Issue 9 , September 2019 , pp. 1618 - 1622
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2019 

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