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Geochemical, Sr–Nd–Pb and zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopic constraints on the Late Carboniferous back-arc basin basalts from the Chengjisihanshan Formation in West Junggar, NW China

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 April 2020

Qian Zhi Open the ORCID record for Qian Zhi [Opens in a new window] ,
Yongjun Li ,
Fenghao Duan ,
Lili Tong ,
Jun Chen ,
Junbao Gao  and
Rongguang Chen
Qian Zhi
Affiliation:
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an710054, PR China
Yongjun Li*
Affiliation:
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an710054, PR China Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MNR, Xi’an710054, PR China
Fenghao Duan
Affiliation:
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an710054, PR China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang330013, PR China
Lili Tong
Affiliation:
School of Earth Science and Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an710054, PR China Key Laboratory for the Study of Focused Magmatism and Giant Ore Deposits, MNR, Xi’an710054, PR China
Jun Chen
Affiliation:
No.1 Geological Survey Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resource Exploration, Changji831100, PR China
Junbao Gao
Affiliation:
No.1 Geological Survey Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resource Exploration, Changji831100, PR China
Rongguang Chen
Affiliation:
No.1 Geological Survey Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resource Exploration, Changji831100, PR China
*
Author for correspondence: Yongjun Li, Email: [email protected]
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Abstract

West Junggar in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt is a critical area for the study of the Junggar oceanic basin and may also reveal tectonic evolutionary events before the final closure of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean. The sedimentary formations and paragenetic associations of the Upper Carboniferous Chengjisihanshan Formation in southern West Junggar jointly reveal a back-arc basin setting with zircon U–Pb ages of 313–310 Ma for the basaltic rocks. Geochemically, the basaltic rocks are tholeiitic with low SiO2 (47.76–52.06 wt %) and K2O (0.05–0.74 wt %) but high MgO (6.55–7.68 wt %) contents and Mg no. (52.9–58.9) values. They display slightly flat rare earth element patterns with weak positive Eu anomalies, and show enrichments in large ion lithophile elements relative to high field strength elements with negative Nb and Ta anomalies, exhibiting both N-MORB-like and arc-like signatures, similar to the back-arc basin basalt from the Mariana Trough. The high positive zircon εHf(t) and bulk εNd(t) values as well as high initial Pb isotopes, together with relatively high Sm/Yb and slightly low Th/Ta ratios imply a depleted spinel lherzolitic mantle source metasomatized by slab-derived fluids. The field and geochemical data jointly suggest that the volcanic rocks within the Chengjisihanshan Formation were formed in an intra-oceanic back-arc basin above the northwestward subduction of the Junggar oceanic lithosphere in southern West Junggar. The confirmation of the Late Carboniferous back-arc basin basalts, together with other geological observations, indicate that an arc-basin evolutionary system still existed in southern West Junggar at c. 310 Ma, and the Junggar Ocean closed after Late Carboniferous time.

Keywords

back-arc basin basaltsChengjisihanshan FormationLate CarboniferouspetrogenesisWest Junggar
Type
Original Article
Information
Geological Magazine , Volume 157 , Issue 11 , November 2020 , pp. 1781 - 1799
Copyright
© Cambridge University Press 2020

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