Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T04:25:07.177Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Population structure of a riparian willow species, Salix viminalis L.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

Martin Lascoux ,
Johanna Thorsén  and
Urban Gullberg
Martin Lascoux*
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Genetic Center, Box 7003, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
Johanna Thorsén
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Genetic Center, Box 7003, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
Urban Gullberg
Affiliation:
Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala Genetic Center, Box 7003, 75007 Uppsala, Sweden
*
* Corresponding author.
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Material sampled along 11 rivers of the western part of Salix viminalis L. natural range (in Poland, Germany and Austria), as well as in stands in Sweden and Belgium, was assayed for 15 isozyme loci and cuttings were installed in two field experiments located in a nursery south of Uppsala, where growth traits were measured. These data were used to test hypotheses on the origin of Swedish populations, on the part played by rivers in the genetic differentiation and on the relative differentiation at isozyme and quantitative trait loci. Although significant, the overall population differentiation was low, the FST value being around 4%. Much higher FST values were observed between subpopulations from southern (Skåne) and central Sweden. This strong population differentiation, accompanied by significant linkage disequilibria, suggests the recent and diverse origin of Swedish populations. Degrees of differentiation between and within Polish river systems were of the same magnitude, indicating the presence of gene flow between river systems. Flow-regulated waterways, associated with higher human disturbance, may well explain why populations along rivers of the western part of the study area exhibited significant differentiation patterns while no differentiation could be detected along the less disturbed riparian habitats of eastern Poland. Finally, higher FST values were obtained for quantitative trait loci than for isozyme loci but, with two notable exceptions, their 95 % confidence intervals overlapped.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 68 , Issue 1 , August 1996 , pp. 45 - 54
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1996

References

Anonymous (1991). Map Projections and Coordinate Management, ARC/INFO User's Guide 6.0. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.Google Scholar
Ashton, G. C. & Braden, A. W. H. (1961). Serums β-globulin polymorphism in mice. Australian Journal of Biological Sciences 14, 248–253.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barnes, R. D. & Schweppenhauser, M. A. (1978). Pinus patula Schiede and Deppe progeny tests in Rhodesia: genetic control of nursery traits. Silvae Genetica 27, 200–216.Google Scholar
Cheliak, W. M. & Pitel, J. A. (1984). Techniques for starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes from forest tree species. Information Report PI-X-42. Petawawa National Forest Institute, Ontario, Canada.Google Scholar
Clayton, J. W. & Tretiak, D. N. (1972). Amine-citrate buffers for pH control in starch gel electrophoresis. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 29, 1169–1172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Coulhart, M. & Denford, K. E. (1982). Isozyme studies in Brassica. I. Electrophoretic techniques for leaf enzymes and comparison of B. napus, B. campestris and B. olaraceae using phosphoglucomutase. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 62, 621–630.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Endler, J. A. (1986). Natural Selection in the Wild. Princeton N.J.: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Farmer, R. E., Cheliak, W. M., Perry, D. I., Knowles, P., Barret, J. & Pitel, P. A. (1988). Isozyme variation in balsam poplar along a latitudinal transect in northwestern Ontario. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, 1078–1081.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Felsenstein, J. (1986). Population differences in quantitative characters as opposed to gene frequencies: a comment on papers by Lewontin and Rogers. American Naturalist 127, 731–732.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1954). Statistical Methods for Research Workers, 12th edn. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd.Google Scholar
Frankowski, K., Jezewski, Z. & Chodorowski, P. (1961). Wiklina uprawa i przerób. Wydanie II. Poprawione i uzupelnione. Warsaw: Pánstwowe Wydawnictwo Rolnicze i Lesne.Google Scholar
Garnier-Gere, P. & Dillmann, C. (1992). A computer program for testing pairwise linkage disequilibria in subdivided populations. Journal of Heredity 83, 239.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Goudet, J. (1995). Fstat v-1.2: a computer program to calculate F-statistics. Journal of Heredity 86, 485–486.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gullberg, U. & Ryttman, H. (1993). Genetics of field resistance to Melampsora in Salix viminalis. European Journal of Forest Pathology 23, 75–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gullberg, U. & Ryttman, H. (1993). Genetics of field resistance of Melampsora in Salix viminalis. European Journal of Forest Pathology 23, 75–84.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haldane, J. B. S. (1954). An exact test for randomness of mating. Journal of Genetics 52, 631–635.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, H. & Hopkinson, D. A. (1976). Handbook of Enzyme Electrophoresis in Human Genetics. Amsterdam: North-Holland.Google Scholar
Huyn, J. O., Rajora, O. P. & Zsuffa, L. (1987). Genetic variation in trembling aspen in Ontario based on isozymes studies. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 17, 1134–1138.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jelinski, D. E. & Cheliak, W. M. (1992). Genetic diversity and spatial subdivision of Populus tremuloides (Salicaceae) in a heterogeneous landscape. American Journal of Botany 79, 728–736.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Krasny, M. E., Vogt, K. A. & Zasada, J. C. (1988). Establishment of four Salicaceae species on river bars in interior Alaska. Holarctic Ecology 11, 210–219.Google Scholar
Kremer, A. (1994). Diversité génétique et variabilité des caractères phénotypiques chez les arbres forestiers. Genetics Selection Evolution 26, Suppl 1, 105s–23s.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lagercrantz, U., Ryman, N. & Ståhl, G. (1988). Protein loci in diploid tissues of Norway spruce (Picea abies K.): description and interpretation of electrophoretic variability patterns. Hereditas 108, 149–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Légionnet, A. & Lefévre, F. (1995). Genetic variation of the riparian pioneer tree species Populus nigra L. I. Study of population structure based on isozymes. Heredity (in press).Google Scholar
Lewontin, R. C. (1984). Detecting population differences in quantitative characters as opposed to gene frequencies. American Naturalist 123, 115–124.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewontin, R. C. (1986). A comment on the comments of Rogers and Felsenstein. American Naturalist 127, 733–734.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Louis, E. J. & Dempster, E. R. (1987). An exact test for Hardy-Weinberg and multiple alleles. Biometrics 43, 805–811.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
McBride, J. R. & Strahan, J. (1984). Establishment and survival of woody riparian species on gravel bars of an intermittent stream. American Midland Naturalist 112, 235–245.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marty, T. L. (1984). Population variability and genetic diversity of Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.). MS thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison.Google Scholar
Meikle, R. D. (1984). Willows and Poplars of Great Britain and Ireland. London: Botanical Society of the British Isles.Google Scholar
Nei, M. (1987). Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. New York: Columbia University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nei, M. & Li, W.-H. (1973). Linkage disequilibrium in subdivided populations. Genetics 75, 213–219.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ohta, T. (1982). Linkage disequilibrium due to random genetic drift in finite subdivided populations. Proceeding of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 79, 1940–1944.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Podolsky, R. H. & Holtsford, T. P. (1995). Population structure of morphological traits in Clarkia dudleyana. I. Comparison of Fst between allozymes and morphological traits. Genetics 140, 733–744.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pohjonen, V. (1984). Biomass production with willows: what did we know before the energy crisis? In Ecology and Management of Forest Biomass Production Systems, ed. Perttu, K.. Department of Ecology and Environmental Research, Swedish University of Agricultural Science Report 15, 563–587.Google Scholar
Prout, T. & Barker, J. S. F. (1993). F statistics in Drosophila.buzzatii: selection, population size and inbreeding. Genetics 134, 369–375.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raymond, M. & Rousset, F., (1995 a). An exact test for population differentiation. Evolution 49, 1280–1283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raymond, M. & Rousset, F., (1995 b). Gene pop (version 1.2): a population genetics software for exact tests and ecumeinism. Journal of Heredity 86, 248–249.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, A. R. (1986). Population differences in quantitative characters as opposed to gene frequencies. American Naturalist 127, 729–730.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rönnberg-Wastljung, A. C., Gullberg, U. & Nilsson, C. (1994). Genetic parameters of growth characters in Salix viminalis grown in Sweden. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, 1960–1969.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rousset, F. & Raymond, M. (1995). Testing heterozygote excess and deficiency. Genetics 140, 1413–1419.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sacchi, C. F. & Price, P. W. (1992). The relative roles of abiotic and biotic factors in seedling demography of arroyo willow (Salix lasiolepis: Salicaceae). American Journal of Botany 79, 395–405.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
SAS Institute (1988) SAS-STAT Guide: Release 6.03. Cary N.C. SAS Institute.Google Scholar
Skvortsov, A. K. (1968). Willows of the USSR and Adjacent Lands. Ottawa, Canada: Multilingual Services Division, Bureau no. 125754.Google Scholar
Slatkin, M. (1985). Rare alleles as indicators of gene flow. Evolution 39, 53–65.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Slatkin, M. (1993). Isolation by distance in equilibrium and non-equilibrium populations. Evolution 47, 264–279.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sokal, R. R. & Rohlf, F. J. (1994). Biometry, 3rd edn. New York: W. H. Freeman.Google Scholar
Spitze, K. (1993). Population structure in Daphnia obtusa: quantitative genetic and allozyme variation. Genetics 135, 367–374.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thébaud, C. & Debussche, M. (1991). Rapid invasion of Fraxinus ornus L. along the Herault River system in southern France: the importance of seed dispersal by water. Journal of Biogeography 18, 7–12.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thorsén, J., Jorde, P. E., Aravanopoulos, F. A., Gullberg, U. & Szuffa, L. (1996). Inheritance and linkage of isozyme loci in the basket willow Salix viminalis L. Journal of Heredity (in press).Google Scholar
Weber, J. C. & Stettler, R. F. (1981). Isozymes variation among ten population of Populus trichocarpa Torr. et Gray in the Pacific Northwest. Silvae Genetica 30, 82–87.Google Scholar
Weir, B. S. (1990). Genetic Data Analysis. Sunderland, Mass.: Sinauer.Google Scholar
Weir, B. S. & Cockerham, C. C. (1984). Estimating Fstatistics for the analysis of population structure. Evolution 38, 1358–1370.Google ScholarPubMed
Wright, S. (1969). Evolution and the Genetics of Populations, vol. 2, The Theory of Gene Frequencies. Chicago: Chicago University Press.Google Scholar