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Population dynamics of the copia, mdg1, mdg3, gypsy, and P transposable elements in a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

C. Biémont ,
F. Lemeunier ,
M. P. Garcia Guerreiro ,
J. F. Brookfield ,
C. Gautier ,
S. Aulard  and
E. G. Pasyukova
C. Biémont
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biométrie, Génétique, Biologie des populations, URA C.N.R.S. 243, Université Lyon 1, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
F. Lemeunier
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique évolutives C.N.R.S., 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
M. P. Garcia Guerreiro
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biométrie, Génétique, Biologie des populations, URA C.N.R.S. 243, Université Lyon 1, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
J. F. Brookfield
Affiliation:
University of Nottingham, Department of Genetics, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
C. Gautier
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biométrie, Génétique, Biologie des populations, URA C.N.R.S. 243, Université Lyon 1, 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
S. Aulard
Affiliation:
Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique évolutives C.N.R.S., 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
E. G. Pasyukova
Affiliation:
Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russia Academy of Science, Kurchatov Sq. 46, 123182, Moscow, Russia

Summary

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The insertion site polymorphism of the copia, mdg1, mdg3, gypsy, and P transposable elements was analysed by in situ hybridization to the polytene chromosomes in genomes of males from a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster. Parameters of various theoretical models of the population biology of transposable elements were estimated from our data, and different hypotheses explaining TE copy number containment were tested. The copia, mdg1 and gypsy elements show evidence for a deficiency of insertions on the X chromosomes, a result consistent with selection against the mutational effects of insertions. On the contrary, mdg3 and P copy numbers fit a neutral model with a balance between regulated transposition and excisions. There is no strong evidence of a systematic accumulation of elements in the distal and proximal regions of the chromosomes where crossing over and ectopic exchanges are reduced. For all chromosome arms but 3L, however, the TE site density increases from the proximal to the distal parts of the chromosomes (the centromeric regions were excluded in this analysis) with sometimes a sharp decrease in density at the extreme tip, following in part the exchange coefficient. The way the copy number of TEs is contained in genomes depends thus on the element considered, and on various forces acting simultaneously, indicating that models of TE dynamics should include details of each element.

Type
Research Article
Information
Genetics Research , Volume 63 , Issue 3 , June 1994 , pp. 197 - 212
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1994

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