Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rcrh6 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T12:06:32.480Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The combinations of the sexes in twin lambings

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 April 2009

William H. James
Affiliation:
The Galton Laboratory, University College London, Wolfson House, 4 Stephenson Way, London NW1 2HE
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Summary

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Evidence is presented that the distribution of the combinations of the sexes in twin lambings has subnormal dispersion: there are more opposite-sexed pairs than same-sexed pairs. When adjustment is made for the occasional presence of monozygotic twin pairs, the departure from expectation (on the assumption that the sexes of DZ twins are distributed binomially) is highly significant. Thus sheep litters seem to show a feature characteristic of litters of pigs and (probably) mice and rabbits. This is consistent with the suggestion that p, the probability of a male zygote, varies systematically from one zygote to another within a litter.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1976

References

REFERENCES

Anon. (1946). Almost identical twins. Journal of Heredity 37, 182.Google Scholar
Assheton, R. (1898). An account of a blastodermic vesicle of the sheep of the seventh day with two germinal areas. Journal of Anatomy and Physiology 32, 362372.Google Scholar
Barton, R. A. (1949). A note on sex ratios in a Romney Marsh stud flock. New Zealand Journal of Science and Technology ‘A’ 31 (3), 24.Google Scholar
Bell, , Alexander, Graham, cited by Lillie (1917).Google Scholar
Bernardin, , cited by Lillie (1917).Google Scholar
Bru, M. (1944). Note sur un agneau rachipage. Receuil de médecine vétérinaire 120, 7475.Google Scholar
Bulmer, M. G. (1970). The Biology of Twinning in Man. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Chapman, A. B. & Lush, J. L. (1932). Twinning sex ratios and genetic variability in birth weight in sheep. Journal of Heredity 23, 473478.Google Scholar
Clark, R. (1932). The mode of production of twins in sheep. Record of the Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Society of Animal Production,1931, pp. 207209.Google Scholar
Cohrs, , cited by Johansson & Hansson (1943).Google Scholar
Cole, L. J. & Craft, W. A. (1945). An acephalic lamb monster in sheep and its relation to single-egg twinning in sheep. Journal of Heredity 36, 2932.Google Scholar
Dennis, S. M. (1972). Schistosomus reflexus in conjoined twin lambs. Veterinary Record 90, 509510.Google Scholar
Fisher, R. A. (1958). Statistical Methods for Research Workers, 13th ed.Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd.Google Scholar
Henning, W. L. (1937). A double sheep pregnancy with a single corpus luteum. Journal of Heredity 28, 6162.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henning, W. L. (1939). Prenatal and postnatal sex ratio in sheep. Journal of Agricultural Research 58, 565580.Google Scholar
James, W. H. (1975). Distributions of the combinations of the sexes in mammalian litters. Genetical Research 26, 4553.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
James, W. H. (1976). Timing of fertilization and sex ratio of offspring – a review. Annals of Human Biology (in the Press).CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Johansson, I. & Hansson, A. (1943). The sex ratio and multiple births in sheep. Lantbrukshögskolen Annaler 11, 145171.Google Scholar
Laplaud, M. & Garnier, A. (1924). La masculinité et la feminité dans l'espèce ovine. Revue de Zootechnie 3 (4), 256265.Google Scholar
Lillie, F. R. (1917). The free-martin: a study of the action of sex hormones in the foetal life of cattle. Journal of Experimental Zoology 23, 371452.Google Scholar
Morley, F. H. W. (1948). The occurrence of identical twins among Merino sheep. Australian Veterinary Journal 24, 72.Google Scholar
Pearson, E. S. & Hartley, H. G. eds. (1958). Biometrika Tables for Statisticians, volume 1, Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rae, A. L. (1956). The genetics of the sheep. Advances in Genetics 8, 189265.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, A. (1951). The analysis of heterogeneity in the binomial distribution. Annals of Eugenics 16, 115.Google Scholar
Rowson, L. E. A. & Moor, R. (1964). Occurrence and development of identical twins in sheep. Nature 201, 521522.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Stansfield, W. D. (1968). A serological estimate of MZ twinning in sheep. Journal of Heredity 59, 211212.Google Scholar