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Relative importance of location and period of banana bunch growth in carbohydrate content and mineral composition of fruit

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 April 2009

Christophe Bugaud ,
Marie-Odette Daribo ,
Marie-Pierre Beauté ,
Nelly Telle  and
Cécile Dubois
Christophe Bugaud
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, PRAM, BP 214, 97285 Lamentin Cedex 2, Martinique, France
Marie-Odette Daribo
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, PRAM, BP 214, 97285 Lamentin Cedex 2, Martinique, France
Marie-Pierre Beauté
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR 26, PRAM, BP 214, 97285 Lamentin Cedex 2, Martinique, France
Nelly Telle
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR 26, PRAM, BP 214, 97285 Lamentin Cedex 2, Martinique, France
Cécile Dubois
Affiliation:
CIRAD, UPR 75, Ave. Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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Abstract

Introduction. Relationships between environmental conditions (climate and soil) and chemical characteristics of banana were studied in Martinique (French West Indies) to contribute to discussions about a quality label based on origin and to help to improve management of banana quality. Materials and methods. Bananas produced at six sites under different conditions and during three periods of the year were harvested at the same stage and ripened under identical conditions. Results. Differences in dry weight and chemical concentrations in the pulp of green fruits were greater between sites than between periods. The pulp dry weight was higher in fruits harvested at the highland site than in fruits harvested at the lowland sites. Differences in Ca and Mg were observed in fruits harvested on vertisol and andosol soils. Fruits produced on brown rust to halloysite soil contained high Mn concentrations. Differences in dry matter, total soluble solids and citric acid concentrations in the pulp of ripe fruits were greater between periods than between sites. Bananas harvested during the hot rainy season had the lowest pulp dry matter and total soluble solids. Bananas harvested during the cool dry season had the highest concentration of citric acid. Carbohydrate (dry matter, total soluble solids, and glucose and fructose) concentrations in fruit pulp decreased with an increase in mean daily temperature from bunch emergence to harvest. Conversely, mineral (P, Mg and Ca) concentrations in fruit pulp increased with an increase in temperature. Conclusion. It is clear that these relationships should be taken into greater consideration when assessing banana quality. The specific environmental conditions in highland areas warrant the creation of a ‘mountain banana’ label.

Keywords

France (Martinique)Musa (bananas)site factorstemperatureclimatesoil typesfruit pulpsdry matter contentproximate compositionFrance (Martinique)Musa (bananes)facteur lié au sitetempératureclimattype de solpulpe de fruitsteneur en matière sèchecomposition globale
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 64 , Issue 2 , March 2009 , pp. 63 - 74
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences, 2009

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