Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-s2hrs Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-08T19:32:49.448Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Nutrient and mineral assessment of edible wildfig and mulberry fruits

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 April 2014

Haleema Sadia ,
Mushtaq Ahmad ,
Shazia Sultana ,
Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah ,
Lee Teong ,
Muhammad Zafar  and
Asghari Bano
Haleema Sadia
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
Mushtaq Ahmad
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Shazia Sultana*
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah
Affiliation:
School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Lee Teong
Affiliation:
School Chem. Eng.Univ. Saina Malaysia, 14300, NibongTebalPenangMalaysia
Muhammad Zafar
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
Asghari Bano
Affiliation:
Dep. Plant Sci., Quaid-i-Azam Univ., Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
*
* Correspondence and reprints
Get access

Abstract

Introduction. Edible wild plants are nature’s gift to mankind. Considering the growing need to identify alternative bio-nutritional sources, some underutilized species of figs (Ficus carica L., F. palmata Forssk., F. racemosa L.) and mulberries (Morus alba L. , M. nigra L, M. laevigata Wall.) of the family Moraceae were evaluated as wild edible fruits to study their nutritive and mineral composition in order to prioritize their edibility for indigenous people. Materials and methods. The major proximal components (moisture, ash, lipids, proteins, fibers and carbohydrates) were determined by standard AOAC methods. The concentration of various minerals (K, Ca, Mg and Na) and trace elements (Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu and Ni) were recorded by using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results. Our results indicated a range of moisture contents from 17.82–80.37 g·100 g–1 (fresh weight basis) in F. carica-M. laviegata; protein, 6.31–13.50 g·100 g–1 (dry weight basis) in F. glomerata-M. alba; crude fats, 1.02–2.71 g·100 g–1 in F. palmate-F. glomerata; carbohydrates 69.47–75.58 g·100 g–1 in M. alba-M. nigra; and fiber 7.63–17.81 g×100 g–1 in M. laviegata-F. palmate, respectively. The significantly highest energy value was computed in M. laviegata (367.7 kcal·100 g–1). Moreover, sufficient quantities of essential elements were found in all the studied materials. The highest levels of N [(0.24 ± 0.07) mg·g–1] and Fe [(1.43 ± 0.42 mg·g–1] were found in M. laviegata; Na [(1.92 ± 0.11 mg·g–1] and Mg [(6.92 ± 0.37 mg·g–1] in F. palmate; and K [(17.21 ± 0.03 mg·g–1] in F. glomerata. Significant variation existed among the selected species in all the nutritional parameters. Conclusion. According to our results, fig and mulberry fruits are recommended for commercial-scale production for the green industry to overcome food crises as they are potential food sources, particularly Morus laviegata and Ficus palmata, with rich nutritional attributes and mineral profiles.

Keywords

PakistanMorusFicusfruitsproximate compositionmineral contentPakistanMorusFicusfruitscomposition globaleteneur en éléments minérauxPakistánMorusFicusfrutascomposición aproximadacontenido mineral
Type
Original article
Information
Fruits , Volume 69 , Issue 2 , March 2014 , pp. 159 - 166
Copyright
© 2014 Cirad/EDP Sciences

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Sozzi, G.O., Abrajan-Villasenor, M.A., Trinchero, G.D., Fraschina, A.A., Postharvest response of Brown Turkey figs (Ficus carica L.) to the inhibition of ethylene perception, J. Sci. Food Agric. 85 (2005) 2503–2508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masi, L.D., Castaldo, D., Galan, G., Minasi, P., Laratta, B., Genotyping of fig (Ficus carica L) via RAPD markers, J. Sci. Food Agric. 85 (2005) 2235–2242.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maskan, M., Gogus, F., Sorption isotherm and drying characteristics of mulberry (Morus alba), J. Food Eng. 37 (1998) 437–449.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khan, M.N., Sarwar, A., Adeel, M., Wahab, M.F., Nutritional evaluation of Ficus carica indigenous to Pakistan, Afr. J. Agric. Nutr. Dev. 11 (2011) 5187–5190. Google Scholar
Kostic D.A., Dimitrijevic D.S., Stojanovic G.S., Mitic S.S., Mitic M.N., Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of fresh fruit extracts of mulberries from Serbia, Oxid. Commun. (2013) 36 (1) 4–14.
Lee, E.J., Chae, O.H., Lee, M.S., Lee, H.K., Huh, H., Purification of anti-allergic compound from mori cortex radicis extract, Yakhak Hoechi. 42 (1998) 395–402.Google Scholar
Hikino, H., Mozuno, T., Oshima, Y., Konno, C., Validity of the oriental medicines, antidiabetics drugs, Isolation and hypoglycemic activity of moran A, a glycoprotein of Morus alba root barks, Planta Med. 2 (1985) 159–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, S.Y., Gao, J.J., Lee, W.C., Ryu, K.S., Lee, K.R., Kim, Y.C., Antioxidative flavonoids from the leaves of Morus alba, Arch. Pharm. Res. 22 (1995) 81–85.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kusano, G., Orihara, S., Tsukamoto, D., Shibano, M., Coskun, M., Guvenc, A., Erdurak, C.S., Five new nortropanen alkaloids and six new amino acids from the fruit of Morus alba L. growing in Turkey, Chem. Pharm. Bull. 50 (2002) 185–192.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ercisli, S., Orhan, E., Chemical composition of white (Morus alba), red (Morus rubra) and black (M. nigra) mulberry fruits, Food Chem. 103 (2007) 1380–1384.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gungor, N., Sengul, M., Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and selected physicochemical properties of white mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruits, Int. J. Food Prop. 11 (2008) 44–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aljane, F., Toumi, I., Ferchichi, A., HPLC determination of sugars and atomic absorption analysis of mineral salts in fresh figs of Tunisian cultivars, Afr. J. Biotechnol. 6 (2007) 599–602.Google Scholar
Colelli, G., Aspetti fisiologici della maturazione e technologie postraccolta dei frutti di fico (Ficus carica L.), Riv. Frutticolt. 1 (1995) 71–77.Google Scholar
Ozer, B.K., Derici, B., A research on the relationship between aflatoxin and ochratoxin a formation and plant nutrients, Acta Hortic. 480 (1998) 199–206.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Humphry, C.M., Clegg, M.S., Keen, C.L., Grivetti, L.E., Food diversity and drought survival, The Hausa example, Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. 44 (1993) 1–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anon., Official methods of analysis, Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. (AOAC), 15th ed., Wash., DC, U.S.A., 1995.
Kjeldahl, J., Determination of protein nitrogen in food products, Encyc. Food Agric. 28 (1983) 757–765.Google Scholar
Rangana S.C., Manual of analysis of fruit and vegetable products, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publ. Co. Ltd., New Delhi, India, 1979.
Indrayan, A.K., Sharm, S., Durgapal, D., Kumar, N., Kumar, M., Determination of nutritive value and analysis of mineral elements for some medicinally valued plants from Uttraranchal, Curr. Sci. 89 (2005) 1252–1255.Google Scholar
Toth, S.J., Prince, A.L., Wallace, A., Mikkenlsen, D.S., Rapid quantitative determination of eight mineral elements in plant tissue: Systematic procedure involving use of a flame photometer, Soil Sci. 66 (1948) 459–466.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hussain, I., Khan, H., Investigation of heavy metals content in medicinal plant, Eclipta alba L., J. Chem. Soc. Pak. 32 (2010) 28–33.Google Scholar
Sekine T., Sasakawa T., Morita S., Kimura T., Kuratom K., A laboratory manual for physiological studies of rice, Int. rice res. Inst. (Ed.), Manila, India, 1965.
Omobuwajo, T.O., Omobuwajo, O.R., Sanni, L.A., Physical properties of calabash nutmeg (Monodora mristica) seeds, J. Food Eng. 57 (2003) 375–381.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ozcan, M.M, Haciseferogullari, H., The strawberry (Abutus unedo L.) fruits: chemical composition, physical-properties and mineral contents, J. Food Eng. 78 (2007) 1022–1028.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Demir, F., Ozcan, M., Chemical and technological properties of rose (Rosa canina L.) fruits grown wild in Turkey, J. Food Eng. 47 (2001) 333–336.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cemeroglu B., Acar J., Fruit and vegetable processing technology, Turk. Assoc. Food Technol. 6 (1986) 508.
Patel, P.R., Gol, N.B., Rao, T.V.R., Physiochemical changes in sunberry (Physalis minima L.) fruit during growth and ripening, Fruits 66 (2011) 37–46. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
PheBe, D., YeiKheng, T., Physicochemical characteristics of dabai (Canarium odontophyllum Miq.) fruit, Fruits 66 (2011) 47–52. Google Scholar
Effiong, G.S., Ibia, T.O., Udofia, U.S., Nutritive and energy values of some wild fruit spices in south eastern Nigeria, Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem. 8 (10) (2009) 917–923.Google Scholar
Andola, H.C., Rawal, R.S., Bhatt, I.D., Comparative studies on the nutritive and anti-nutritive properties of fruits in selected Berberis species of West Himalaya, India, Food Res. Int. 44 (2011) 2352–2356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Imran, M., Talpur, F.N., Jan, M.S., Khan, A., Khan, I., Analysis of nutritional components of some wild edible plants, J. Chem. Soc. Pak. 29 (2007) 500–508.Google Scholar
Macrae, R., Robinson, R.K., Sadler, M.J., Encyclopaedia of food science, Food technol. Nutr. 5 (1993) 3126–3131.Google Scholar
Brody T., Nutritional biochemistry, Acad. Press, San Diego, CA, U.S.A., 1994, pp. 555– 556.
Lewis C.A., Green nature/human nature: The meaning of plants in our lives, Univ. Illinois Press, Urbana, Chicago, U.S.A., 1996.
Akpanabiatu M.I., Bassey N.B., Udosen E.O., Eyong E.U., Evaluation of some minerals and toxicants in some Nigerian soup meals, J. Food Compos. Anal.11 (1998) 292–297.
Alessandra, G., Robert, H.C., The crucial role of metal ions in neurodegeneration: the basis for promising therapeutic strategy, Br. J. Pharm. 146 (2005) 1041–1059.Google Scholar
Mills, D.F., Symposia from the XII International Congress on Nutrition, Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 77 (1981) 165–171.Google Scholar
Khan, K.Y., Khan, M.A., Niamat, R., Munir, M.F., Element content analysis of plants of genus Ficus using atomic absorption spectrometer, Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 5 (2011) 317–321. CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Obiajunwa, E.I., Adebajo, A.C., Omobuwajo, O.R., Essential and trace element contents of some Nigerian medicinal plants, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. 252 (2002) 473–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wildman R., Medeiros D., Advanced human nutrition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla., U.S.A., 2000.