Effects of different scion-rootstock combinations on vigor, tree size, yield and fruit quality of three Iranian cultivars of pomegranate

Abstract

Introduction. Probably because pomegranate trees are established in orchards as own-rooted plants, there are no studies regarding scion-rootstock combination effects on growth, tree size, yield and fruit quality of this fruit tree. Thus, the main aims of our experiment were to study the effects of some pomegranate rootstocks on growth and yield characteristics of Iranian commercial cultivars used as scions. Materials and methods. Our research was carried out between the 1999 and 2007 growing seasons at a collection of 760 pomegranate cultivars in the Yazd Province of Iran. Rootstocks were provided via clonal propagation using stem cuttings similar in height, diameter and age (2 years old) from ‘Golnar Farsi’, ‘Torsh Ma’ moly Zabol’, ‘Yek Killoy Hoshak Saravan’, ‘Poost Syah’, ‘Khafri Poost Sefid Jahrom’, ‘Zagh’, ‘Shavar’ and ‘Malas Esfahani’. Budding materials were provided from fruit-bearing trees in good vigor, using buds on current season growth of the ‘Zagh’, ‘Shavar’ and ‘Malas Esfahani’ pomegranate cultivars. Effects of the scion-rootstock combinations were investigated on tree size, vigor and yield of pomegranate. Results. The data indicated that grafting led to higher yield than the own-rooted plants, but grafted trees showed lower vigor and tree size compared with ungrafted trees. Application of ‘Torsh Ma’ moly Zabol’ as a rootstock led to the lowest tree size and height, and the lowest rate of sunburn scald disorder. The highest yield and the lowest sucker production were obtained in plants grafted on ‘Golnar Farsi’ rootstock. Conclusion. Our results suggest that application of ‘Torsh Ma’ moly Zabol’ as a rootstock can be useful to establish a high-density plantation.