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Effect of aluminium on bananas (Musa spp.) cultivated in acid solutions. II. Water andnutrient uptake

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 April 2002

Gervais Rufyikiri ,
Joseph E. Dufey ,
Didier Nootens  and
Bruno Delvaux
Gervais Rufyikiri
Affiliation:
Université catholique de Louvain, Unité des sciences du sol, Place Croix-du-Sud 2/10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)
Joseph E. Dufey
Affiliation:
Université catholique de Louvain, Unité des sciences du sol, Place Croix-du-Sud 2/10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)
Didier Nootens
Affiliation:
Université catholique de Louvain, Unité des sciences du sol, Place Croix-du-Sud 2/10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)
Bruno Delvaux
Affiliation:
Université catholique de Louvain, Unité des sciences du sol, Place Croix-du-Sud 2/10, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium)
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Abstract

Introduction. A previous paper showed that Al in the nutrient solution affected thegrowth, biomass production and chemical composition of bananas (Musa spp.). This paper aims atproviding complementary results on the effect of Al on water and nutrient uptake by young banana plants.Materials and methods. Vitroplants of five cultivars (Grande Naine, Agbagba, Obino l'Ewaï, Igitsiriand Kayinja) were grown for 40 d in a phytotron with a temperature close to that of their cropping areas.Dilute nutrient solutions without Al and with 78.5 μM Al were supplied continuously with peristalticpumps. Measurements of daily water and nutrient uptake were carried out twice a week. Rhizosphereacidification or alcalinisation were also monitored. Results and discussion. Aluminium reduced plantwater uptake and cumulative detrimental effects were observed. After 40 d, water uptake was only 30-40% of the control. Without Al, nutrient uptake (Ca, Mg, K, P, NO3-N, NH4-N) increased with time,whereas Al inhibited the uptake of all elements, particularly Mg. As for water absorption, cumulativeeffects were observed: after 40 d, most nutrient uptake rates were reduced by more than 50% relatively tothe control. The plantain bananas, Agbagba and Obino l'Ewaï, were more resistant to Al than the others.Changes of temperature are likely to modify Al sensitivity as one cultivar, Kayinja, showed greater Alsensitivity at 28/25°C than at 24/20°C.

Keywords

Musaaluminiumwater uptakenutrient uptakesoil pHMusaaluminiumabsorption d'eauabsorption d'éléments nutritifspH du sol
Type
Research Article
Information
Fruits , Volume 56 , Issue 1 , January 2001 , pp. 5 - 16
Copyright
© CIRAD, EDP Sciences

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